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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 33, Shloka 14

त्रयस्त्रिंशः सर्गः

Civic Lament and Rama’s Dutiful Approach to Daśaratha

पीडया पीडितं सर्वं जगदस्य जगत्पतेः।मूलस्येवोपघातेन वृक्षः पुष्पफलोपगः।।।।

pīḍayā pīḍitaṃ sarvaṃ jagad asya jagatpateḥ | mūlasyevopaghātena vṛkṣaḥ puṣpaphalopagaḥ ||

彼——世の主——が苦しむとき、全世界もまた共に苦しむ。根を打たれたとき、花と実をつける木が倒れるように。

pīḍayāby (his) suffering/affliction
pīḍayā:
Hetu/Karaṇa (हेतु/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpīḍā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana; instrumental of cause
pīḍitamafflicted
pīḍitam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण/predicate)
TypeAdjective
Root√pīḍ (पीड्) + kta (क्त)
FormPPP (क्त), Napuṃsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate adjective of jagat
sarvamentire
sarvam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifying jagat
jagatworld
jagat:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjagat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana
asyaof this (Rama)
asya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana
jagatpateḥof the lord of the world
jagatpateḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootjagat (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa: jagat-pati 'lord of the world'; Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana
mūlasyaof the root
mūlasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootmūla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsaka, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana
ivaas if/like
iva:
Upamāna-marker (उपमान-सूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormUpamā-avyaya (comparison)
upaghātenaby injury/destruction
upaghātena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootupaghāta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana
vṛkṣaḥtree
vṛkṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; in simile)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
puṣpaphalopagaḥbearing flowers and fruits
puṣpaphalopagaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpuṣpa (प्रातिपदिक) + phala (प्रातिपदिक) + upaga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa: puṣpa-phala-upaga 'having/attaining flowers and fruits' (bearing); Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifying vṛkṣaḥ

Just as severed at the root, an entire tree along with its fruits and flowers is destroyed, similarly the whole world gets afflicted when Rama, the ruler of the world, comes to harm.

R
Rāma (as jagatpati in the verse’s rhetoric)
W
world (jagat)
T
tree (vṛkṣa)

FAQs

Dharma is framed as the protection of the life-root of society: harming a righteous leader harms the entire moral ecosystem.

The people interpret Rāma’s exile not as a private tragedy but as a catastrophe for the whole kingdom.

Rāma’s role as a stabilizing moral root—his righteousness is depicted as the basis for flourishing (flowers/fruits).