Shloka 26

Adhyaya 9 — Vasiṣṭha and Viśvāmitra’s Mutual Curse: The Āḍi–Baka Battle and Brahmā’s Pacification

Sanskrit

जहि वत्स वशिष्ठ त्वं त्वञ्च कौशिक सत्तम ।

तामसं भावमाश्रित्य ईदृग्युद्धं चिकीर्षितम् ॥

Transliteration

jahi vatsa vaśiṣṭha tvaṃ tvañca kauśika sattama / tāmasaṃ bhāvamāśritya īdṛgyuddhaṃ cikīrṣitam

Translation

「やめよ、わが子よ—ヴァシシュタよ。そなたもまた、カウシカのうち最勝の者よ。タマスの気質に依って、このような戦いを望んだのだ。」

Word by Word

• जहि: give up, abandon
• जहि: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: han (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदी; धातुः: √हन् (to abandon/kill); अत्र अर्थः: ‘त्यज’ (give up)

• वत्स: dear child
• वत्स: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vatsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन

• वशिष्ठ: O Vasiṣṭha
• वशिष्ठ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaśiṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुषार्थे सर्वनाम; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘कौशिक’ इत्यस्य कर्तृ-निर्देशः

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय-बोधक (conjunction)

• कौशिक: O Kauśika
• कौशिक: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kauśika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सत्तम: O best one
• सत्तम: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sat + tama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तमप्-प्रत्ययान्त (superlative)

• तामसम्: tamasic
• तामसम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tāmasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘भावम्’ इति विशेषण

• भावम्: state, disposition
• भावम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• आश्रित्य: having resorted to
• आश्रित्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā + śri (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund), धातुः: √श्रि (to resort to), उपसर्गः: आ-

• ईदृक्: such, of this kind
• ईदृक्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: īdṛś (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘युद्धम्’ इति विशेषण; रूपम्: ईदृग् (sandhi before y-)

• युद्धम्: battle
• युद्धम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• चिकीर्षितम्: intended (to be done)
• चिकीर्षितम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: भविष्यत्कृदन्त/इच्छार्थक-रूप (Desiderative-based past participle sense), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; धातुः: √कृ (to do) → चिकीर्ष् (to wish to do)

Speakers

• Brahmā (Prajāpati) to Vasiṣṭha and Kauśika

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Brahmā

Key Themes

• Ethics of power
• Condemnation of tamasic violence
• Restraint
• Tapas discipline

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The text distinguishes between rightful spiritual potency and its misuse. When tapas is harnessed by tamas, it becomes destructive rather than liberative; hence the divine injunction to desist.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Carita: an instructive narrative episode illustrating dharma through the conduct of eminent figures.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Such a battle’ points to inner warfare driven by guṇas. The admonition is a call to transmute tamas into clarity (sattva) before action is taken.