Shloka 122

Adhyāya 141 — Night duels: Śaineya and Bhūriśravas; Droṇi and Ghaṭotkaca; Bhīma and Duryodhana

Devanagari script

धनंजयस्तथा यान्तं पृष्ठतो द्रौणिमभ्यगात्‌

Transliteration

dhanañjayastathā yāntaṃ pṛṣṭhato drauṇimabhyagāt

Translation

サञ्जयは言った。ついでダナञ्जయ（アルジュナ）は、退きつつあるドラウニ（アシュヴァッターマン）に背後から迫った——容赦なき戦の流れの中で追撃を強め、危険な敵を抑えねばならぬ義務がためらいを押しのけたのである。

Word by Word

• धनंजयः: Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
• धनंजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनंजय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: thus; likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• यान्तम्: going; moving
• यान्तम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: या
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पृष्ठतः: from behind; at the back
• पृष्ठतः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृष्ठतस्

• द्रौणिम्: Drauṇi (Aśvatthāman)
• द्रौणिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रौणि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अभ्यगात्: went up to; approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-गम्
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
• Drauni (Aśvatthāman)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

In a dharmic war context, a warrior’s responsibility includes actively restraining a perilous adversary; timely action and vigilance can be ethically required when inaction would enable further harm.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Arjuna closes in on Aśvatthāman from behind while Aśvatthāman is moving ahead/away, indicating a chase or tactical approach during the ongoing combat.