Shloka 9

Time-Reckoning (Kāla-gaṇanā): Yugas, Manvantaras, Kalpas, and Prākṛta Pralaya

Devanagari script

त्रिशती द्विशती सन्ध्या तथा चैकशती क्रमात् / अंशकं षट्शतं तस्मात् कृसन्ध्यांशकं विना

Transliteration

triśatī dviśatī sandhyā tathā caikaśatī kramāt / aṃśakaṃ ṣaṭśataṃ tasmāt kṛsandhyāṃśakaṃ vinā

Translation

順次に、サンディヤー（Sandhyā）の儀礼は三百、二百、そして百の誦念によって定められる。ゆえに総計は六百の分となるが、「kṛ-sandhyā」（欠略・簡略のサンディヤー）に配された分は除かれる。

Word by Word

• त्रिशती: three hundred
• त्रिशती: Karta (कर्ता/विधेय-उद्देश्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि + शती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; संख्यावाचक-समास (Dvigu)

• द्विशती: two hundred
• द्विशती: Karta (कर्ता/विधेय-उद्देश्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वि + शती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; संख्यावाचक-समास (Dvigu)

• सन्ध्या: junction period (sandhyā)
• सन्ध्या: Karta (कर्ता/विधेय-उद्देश्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सन्ध्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• तथा: thus; likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• एकशती: one hundred
• एकशती: Karta (कर्ता/विधेय-उद्देश्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एक + शती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; संख्यावाचक-समास (Dvigu)

• क्रमात्: in order; sequentially
• क्रमात्: Hetu/Adhikarana (हेतु/अधिकरण-भाव)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/अपादान), एकवचन; अव्ययीभावार्थे ‘क्रमात्’ = क्रमशः (by sequence)

• अंशकम्: a portion; part
• अंशकम्: Karma (कर्म/फल-रूप)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंशक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन

• षट्शतम्: six hundred
• षट्शतम्: Karma (कर्म/परिमाण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: षट् + शतम् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; संख्यावाचक-समास (Dvigu)

• तस्मात्: from that; therefore
• तस्मात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/अपादान), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• कृसन्ध्यांशकम्: the sandhyā-portion (qualified as ‘kṛ-’)
• कृसन्ध्यांशकम्: Karma (कर्म/वर्ज्य-वस्तु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृ + सन्ध्या + अंशक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारय-सम्भाव्य: ‘कृ(=कृत/कृच्छ्र/कृश?)’ विशेषणपूर्वक ‘सन्ध्यांशक’

• विना: without; excluding
• विना: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वर्जन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विना (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपपद-निपात (preposition) ‘without’; सह पञ्चमी/द्वितीया-सम्बन्धः

Speaker

Sūta (narrator) conveying the Kurma Purana’s dharma-vidhi on Sandhyā-vandana

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Sandhyā
• Gāyatrī

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

This verse is primarily procedural (dharma-vidhi) rather than metaphysical: it emphasizes disciplined daily Sandhyā practice, which in the Purāṇic framework purifies the mind and prepares one for realization of Ātman taught elsewhere (including the Ishvara-Gītā sections).

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

It highlights mantra-japa as a regulated practice—specifically counted recitations within Sandhyā-vandana. Such numerical discipline supports dhāraṇā (steady attention) and purity (śauca), functioning as a preparatory limb for deeper meditation in the Kurma Purana’s broader yoga-teachings.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

The verse itself does not explicitly mention Śiva or Viṣṇu; it reflects the shared Purāṇic dharma culture in which daily Sandhyā is upheld across sectarian lines, supporting the Kurma Purana’s broader Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis by grounding devotion in common Vedic discipline.