Shloka 21

Aśauca-vidhi (Rules of Impurity) within Śrāddha-kalpa — Chapter on Testing/Selecting Brahmanas and Honoring the Atithi

Devanagari script

अक्लिष्ट मव्रणं युक्तं कृशवृत्तिमयाचकम् / एकान्तशीलं धीमन्तं सदा श्राद्धेषु भोजयेत्

Transliteration

akliṣṭa mavraṇaṃ yuktaṃ kṛśavṛttimayācakam / ekāntaśīlaṃ dhīmantaṃ sadā śrāddheṣu bhojayet

Translation

苦患なく傷もなく、節度を保ち、質素に暮らし、乞わず、静かに独居を好み、智慧ある者を、シュラーダの儀に常に供養して食を施すべきである。

Word by Word

• akliṣṭam: unafflicted
• akliṣṭam: Karma (कर्म; object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-kliṣṭa (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √kliś ‘क्लिश्’ + नञ्)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; ‘untroubled/undefiled’

• avraṇam: unwounded/blemishless
• avraṇam: Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-vraṇa (प्रातिपदिक; नञ् + vraṇa)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; ‘without wound/blemish’

• yuktam: suitable
• yuktam: Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yukta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √yuj ‘युज्’)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; ‘fit/proper, disciplined’

• kṛśa-vṛttim: meagre livelihood
• kṛśa-vṛttim: Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛśa (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛtti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; tatpuruṣa: ‘meagre + livelihood’ = ‘one of meagre livelihood’ (as qualifier in next compound)

• a-yācakam: not a beggar
• a-yācakam: Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-yācaka (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √yāc ‘याच्’ + नञ्)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; ‘non-begging’

• ekānta-śīlam: of solitary/retired conduct
• ekānta-śīlam: Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ekānta (प्रातिपदिक) + śīla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; tatpuruṣa: ‘solitude/exclusiveness’ + ‘nature’

• dhīmantam: wise
• dhīmantam: Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; ‘intelligent’

• sadā: always
• sadā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb

• śrāddheṣu: in śrāddha rites
• śrāddheṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śrāddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural

• bhojayet: should feed
• bhojayet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhuj (धातु; causative √bhuj→bhojaya)
• Form: Imperative/Optative?—Vidhi: Optative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular, Parasmaipada; causative meaning ‘should cause to eat/feed’