Shloka 54

Śrāddha-kalpa: Amarakantaka–Tīrtha-Māhātmya and Akṣaya Pitṛ-Tarpaṇa

Devanagari script

ऋग्यजुः सामशिरसः कपोताः पुष्पसाह्वयाः / आख्यान पञ्चमा वेदाः सृष्टा ह्येते स्वयंभुवा

Transliteration

ṛgyajuḥ sāmaśirasaḥ kapotāḥ puṣpasāhvayāḥ / ākhyāna pañcamā vedāḥ sṛṣṭā hyete svayaṃbhuvā

Translation

リグ・ヤジュル・サーマの「頭部」から、カポータとプシュパと名づけられた分派が生じた。さらにアーキャーナ（聖なる物語）を第五のヴェーダとして、これらは自生者スヴァヤンブーにより創られた。

Word by Word

• ṛk-yajuḥ-sāma-śirasaḥ: having Ṛg, Yajus, and Sāman as (their) head/essence
• ṛk-yajuḥ-sāma-śirasaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ṛc (प्रातिपदिक) + yajus (प्रातिपदिक) + sāman (प्रातिपदिक) + śiras (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); bahu-tatpuruṣa: ṛg-yajuḥ-sāma-śirasaḥ = whose heads/essence are Ṛg, Yajus, Sāman

• kapotāḥ: pigeons/doves
• kapotāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kapota (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• puṣpa-sāhvayāḥ: named ‘Puṣpa’
• puṣpa-sāhvayāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: puṣpa (प्रातिपदिक) + sāhvaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); bahuvrīhi: puṣpa-sāhvayāḥ = having the name ‘Puṣpa’/called Puṣpa

• ākhyānam: narrative, account
• ākhyānam: Viśeṣya/Apādāna of apposition (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ākhyāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा) or Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); here as apposition to vedāḥ (as ‘the narrative’)

• pañcamāḥ: fifth
• pañcamāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pañcama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); adjective qualifying vedāḥ

• vedāḥ: Vedas
• vedāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: veda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• sṛṣṭāḥ: created
• sṛṣṭāḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sṛj (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/कृदन्त), Masculine Nominative Plural; agrees with vedāḥ

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha/Emphasis (सम्बन्ध/बल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable (अव्यय); particle (निपात) giving emphasis/reason

• ete: these
• ete: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); demonstrative pronoun

• svayaṃbhuvā: by Svayambhū (Brahmā)
• svayaṃbhuvā: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument; agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: svayaṃbhū (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)