Atharva Veda 9.10.5 — Kanda 9, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 10, Mantra 5

Sukta 10

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

हि॒ङ्कृ॒ण्व॒ती व॑सु॒पत्नी॒ वसू॑नां व॒त्समि॒च्छन्ती॒ मन॑सा॒भ्यागा॑त्। दु॒हाम॒श्विभ्यां॒ पयो॑ अ॒घ्न्येयं सा व॑र्धतां मह॒ते सौभ॑गाय

IAST Transliteration

hiṅ-kṛṇvatī́ vasú-patnī́ vasū́nāṃ vatsám icchántī mánasā́bhy ā́gāt | duhā́m aśvíbhyāṃ páyo aghnyéyaṃ sā́ vardhatāṃ mahaté sáubhagāya

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Lowing ‘hiṅ,’ the mistress of riches, seeking her calf with mind, hath come hither. Let this inviolable cow milk out milk for the Aśvins; let her increase unto great good fortune.

Translation

彼女は「ヒン（hiṅ）」と鳴き、富の主婦、諸財の女主人として、心に子牛を求めつつここへ来た。この侵されざる牝牛よ、アシュヴィン双神（Aśvins）のために乳を搾り出せ。大いなる幸運のために、彼女が増し栄えよ。

Word by Word

• हि॒ङ्कृ॒ण्व॒ती: humming/lowing (making the ‘hiṅ’ sound)
• हि॒ङ्कृ॒ण्व॒ती: Kartā
• Type: Verb-derived adjective (participle)
• Root: हिङ्कृ (धातु) / हिङ्कृण्वत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• वसुपत्नी: the mistress/lady of wealth (prosperity’s consort)
• वसुपत्नी: Kartā (apposition to previous) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु-पत्नी (प्रातिपदिक; समासः)

• वसूनाम्: of riches/wealths
• वसूनाम्: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)

• वत्सम्: the calf
• वत्सम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वत्स (प्रातिपदिक)

• इच्छन्ती: desiring, seeking
• इच्छन्ती: Kartā (concurrent action of subject)
• Type: Verb-derived adjective (participle)
• Root: इष्/इच्छ् (धातु) / इच्छन्त् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• मनसा: with the mind, mentally
• मनसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभि: towards, unto
• अभि: Upasarga (direction/intensifier)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/preposition)
• Root: अभि

• आगात्: came, approached
• आगात्: Kriyā (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + गम् (धातु)

• दुहाम्: let her milk, may she yield (milk)
• दुहाम्: Kriyā (injunctive/optative command)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दुह् (धातु)

• अश्विभ्याम्: for the Aśvins
• अश्विभ्याम्: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (dual deity name)
• Root: अश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• पयः: milk
• पयः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अघ्न्येयम्: this inviolable cow (not to be slain)
• अघ्न्येयम्: Kartā (subject identification)
• Type: Noun + pronoun (appositional)
• Root: अघ्न्या (प्रातिपदिक) + इयम् (सर्वनाम)

• सा: she
• सा: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• वर्धताम्: let her grow/increase
• वर्धताम्: Kriyā (benediction)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध् (धातु)

• महते: for great
• महते: Sampradāna (goal/purpose, with following noun)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सौभगाय: good fortune, prosperity
• सौभगाय: Sampradāna (purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सौभग (प्रातिपदिक; ‘good fortune’)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasa tradition.

Devata: Aśvins; also the Cow as personified wealth.

Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh-like; domestic-ritual diction.

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shringara

Secondary: karuna