Sutra 14

Devanagari script

तन्नाशे वणिजस्तच्च तावच्च दण्डं दद्युः ॥ कZ_०२.२५.१४ ॥

Transliteration

tannāśe vaṇijas tac ca tāvat ca daṇḍaṃ dadyuḥ

Translation

それらが失われた場合、売り手／管理者はその価値を弁償し、さらに同額の罰金を支払う。

Word by Word

• तत्: that (item/amount)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: sarvanāma; napuṃsaka-liṅga; prathamā/ dvitīyā ekavacana; deictic/anaphoric ‘that’

• नाशे: in the event of loss/destruction
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाश
• Form: puṃliṅga; saptamī ekavacana; locative of circumstance ‘in/at the loss/destruction’

• वणिजः: the merchants/traders
• Type: Noun
• Root: वणिज्
• Form: puṃliṅga; prathamā bahuvacana; agent noun ‘merchants/traders’ (subject)

• तत्: that (same amount/thing)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: sarvanāma; napuṃsaka-liṅga; prathamā/ dvitīyā ekavacana; anaphoric ‘that’

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: avyaya; coordinating conjunction

• तावत्: an equal amount (so much)
• Type: Pronoun/Quantifier
• Root: तावत्
• Form: pramāṇa-vācaka; napuṃsaka-liṅga; prathamā/ dvitīyā ekavacana; ‘so much/as much’

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: avyaya; coordinating conjunction

• दण्डं: a fine/penalty
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: puṃliṅga; dvitīyā ekavacana; object of ‘dadyuḥ’

• दद्युः: should pay/give
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा
• Form: liṅ (vidhi-liṅ, optative); parasmaipada; prathama-puruṣa; bahuvacana; ‘they should give/pay’

Entities Mentioned

• vaṇij (vendor/keeper)
• patrons (implied)
• state penal authority (implied)

More Details

FAQs

What enforcement model is used here?

A strong liability rule: the keeper compensates the loss and pays an equal fine, incentivizing robust supervision and discouraging collusion with thieves.

How does this support state policy?

It increases public trust in regulated venues, keeps drinking centralized (easier to police), and reduces secondary crime around intoxication.