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Shloka 41

Kuvalāśva’s Lineage and Uttaṅka’s Petition concerning Dhundhu (धुन्धु-प्रसङ्गः)

न क्रियतामनुबन्धो नैष शक्‍्यस्त्वया मृगो<यं ग्रहीतुं यद्यपि ते रथे युक्तौ वाम्यौ स्यथातामिति । ततो<ब्रवीद्‌ राजा सूतमाचक्ष्व मे वाम्यौ हन्मि च त्वामिति । स एवमुक्तो राजभयभीत: सूतो वामदेव-शापभीतश्च सन्‌ नाचख्यौ राज्ञे | ततः पुनः स राजा खड्गमुद्यम्य शीघ्रं कथयस्वेति तमाह हनिष्ये त्वामिति । स तदा55ह राजभयभीत: सूतो वामदेवस्याश्वौ वाम्यौ मनोजवाविति,“तदनन्तर एक दिन महाराज शल शिकार खेलनेके लिये वनको गये। वहाँ उन्होंने एक हिंसक पशुको सामने पाकर रथके द्वारा ही उसका पीछा किया और सारथिसे कहा--“शीघ्र मुझे मृगके निकट पहुँचाओ'। उनके ऐसा कहनेपर सारथि बोला--“महाराज! आप इस पशुको पकड़नेका आग्रह न करें। यह आपकी पकड़में नहीं आ सकता। यदि आपके रथमें दोनों वाम्य घोड़े जुते होते, तब आप इसे पकड़ लेते।” यह सुनकर राजाने सूतसे पूछा --'सारथे! बताओ, वाम्य घोड़े कौन हैं, अन्यथा मैं तुम्हें अभी मार डालूँगा।” राजाके ऐसा कहनेपर सारथि भयसे काँप उठा। उधर घोड़ोंका परिचय देनेपर उसे वामदेव ऋषिके शापका भी डर था। अतः उसने राजासे कुछ नहीं कहा। तब राजाने पुनः तलवार उठाकर कहा--“अरे! शीघ्र बता, नहीं तो तुझे अभी मार डालूगा।' तब उसने राजाके भयसे त्रस्त होकर कहा--“महाराज! वामदेव मुनिके पास दो घोड़े हैं जिन्हें “वाम्य” कहते हैं। वे मनके समान वेगशाली हैं!

na kriyatām anubandho naiṣa śakyas tvayā mṛgo ’yaṁ grahītuṁ yady api te rathe yuktau vāmyau syathātām iti | tato ’bravīd rājā sūtam ācakṣva me vāmyau hanmi ca tvām iti | sa evam ukto rājabhayabhītaḥ sūto vāmadeva-śāpabhītaś ca san nācakhyau rājñe | tataḥ punaḥ sa rājā khaḍgam udyamya śīghraṁ kathayasveti tam āha haniṣye tvām iti | sa tadā rājabhayabhītaḥ sūto vāmadevasya aśvau vāmyau manojavāv iti ||

Vaiśampāyana said: “Do not persist in this chase; this beast cannot be caught by you. Only if your chariot were yoked with the two ‘Vāmya’ horses could you overtake it.” Then the king said to the charioteer, “Tell me about these Vāmya horses—otherwise I will kill you.” Terrified of the king, and also afraid of incurring the curse of the sage Vāmadeva if he revealed the secret, the charioteer did not answer. The king again raised his sword and said, “Speak quickly, or I will kill you.” Then the charioteer, shaken with fear of the king, said: “The Vāmya horses belong to Vāmadeva; they are as swift as the mind.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
क्रियताम्let (it) be done
क्रियताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormLot (imperative), Atmanepada, 3, singular, passive
अनुबन्धःpursuit/insistence
अनुबन्धः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनुबन्ध
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
शक्यःpossible
शक्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Forminstrumental, singular
मृगःdeer/animal
मृगः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृग
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अयम्this
अयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
ग्रहितुम्to seize/catch
ग्रहितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
Formtumun (infinitive)
यद्यपिeven if
यद्यपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद्यपि
तेof you/your
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Formgenitive, singular
रथेin the chariot
रथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
Formmasculine, locative, singular
युक्तौyoked/attached (two)
युक्तौ:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुज्
Formkta (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, dual
वाम्यौthe 'Vāmya' (named) ones
वाम्यौ:
TypeAdjective
Rootवाम्य
Formmasculine, nominative, dual
स्यथाताम्might be/would be (the two)
स्यथाताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormLot (imperative), Parasmaipada, 3, dual
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
ततःthen
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
अब्रवीत्said
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormLan (imperfect), Parasmaipada, 3, singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सूतम्the charioteer
सूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
आचक्ष्वtell/declare
आचक्ष्व:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चक्ष्
FormLot (imperative), Parasmaipada, 2, singular
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formdative, singular
वाम्यौthe two 'Vāmya' (horses)
वाम्यौ:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवाम्य
Formmasculine, accusative, dual
हन्मिI kill / I will kill
हन्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormLat (present), Parasmaipada, 1, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Formaccusative, singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
उक्तःhaving been spoken to
उक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवच्
Formkta (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
राजभयभीतःfrightened by fear of the king
राजभयभीतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootराज-भय-भीत
Formkta (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
सूतःthe charioteer
सूतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
वामदेवशापभीतःafraid of Vāmadeva's curse
वामदेवशापभीतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवामदेव-शाप-भीत
Formkta (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सन्being
सन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आचख्यौtold/declared
आचख्यौ:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चक्ष्
FormLan (imperfect), Parasmaipada, 3, singular
राज्ञेto the king
राज्ञे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, dative, singular
ततःthen
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
सःthat/he
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
खड्गम्sword
खड्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootखड्ग
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
उद्यम्यhaving raised
उद्यम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-यम्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
शीघ्रम्quickly
शीघ्रम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशीघ्र
कथयस्वtell (me)
कथयस्व:
TypeVerb
Rootकथय्
FormLot (imperative), Atmanepada, 2, singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
आहsaid
आह:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormLit (perfect), Parasmaipada, 3, singular
हनिष्येI will kill
हनिष्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormLrt (simple future), Atmanepada, 1, singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Formaccusative, singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तदाthen/at that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
राजभयभीतःafraid of the king
राजभयभीतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootराज-भय-भीत
Formkta, masculine, nominative, singular
सूतःthe charioteer
सूतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
वामदेवस्यof Vāmadeva
वामदेवस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootवामदेव
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
अश्वौtwo horses
अश्वौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
Formmasculine, nominative, dual
वाम्यौcalled 'Vāmya' (two)
वाम्यौ:
TypeAdjective
Rootवाम्य
Formmasculine, nominative, dual
मनोजवौhaving speed like the mind
मनोजवौ:
TypeAdjective
Rootमनोजव
Formmasculine, nominative, dual
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
T
the king (unnamed in this verse-context)
S
sūta (charioteer)
V
Vāmadeva (ṛṣi)
V
vāmyau aśvau (the Vāmya horses)
R
ratha (chariot)
K
khaḍga (sword)
M
mṛga (the pursued beast)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights an ethical tension: coercive power (the king’s threat) versus truthful disclosure constrained by higher moral/religious fear (the charioteer’s fear of a sage’s curse). It implicitly critiques rash royal anger and shows how intimidation can force speech, yet such speech may violate other obligations.

During a hunt, the king is told he cannot catch the beast unless he has the special ‘Vāmya’ horses. He demands to know about them and threatens the charioteer with death. The charioteer hesitates out of fear of Vāmadeva’s curse, but under the king’s raised sword he reveals that the Vāmya horses belong to the sage Vāmadeva and are extremely swift.