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Shloka 18

Svargārohaṇa-parva Adhyāya 2 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry for His Kin and the Vision of a Punitive Realm

दंशोत्पातकभल्लूकमक्षिकामशकावृतम्‌ । इतश्रेतश्व कुणपै: समन्तात्‌ परिवारितम्‌,उस रास्तेपर डाँस, मच्छर, मक्खी, उत्पाती जीवजन्तु और भालू आदि फैले हुए थे। इधर-उधर सब ओर सड़े मुर्दे पड़े हुए थे

daṁśotpātakabhallūkam akṣikāmaśakāvṛtam | itaś cetaś ca kuṇapaiḥ samantāt parivāritam ||

Vaiśampāyana said: The path was covered with gadflies and other stinging pests, with ominous creatures and bears; it was swarmed by flies and mosquitoes. Here and there, on every side, it was hemmed in by rotting corpses—an image of the moral wreckage left by violence, confronting the travelers with the grim aftermath of adharma and the impermanence of embodied life.

दंशgadfly/horsefly
दंश:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदंश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उत्पातकcalamitous/portentous (creature)
उत्पातक:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्पातक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भल्लूकbear
भल्लूक:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभल्लूक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मक्षिकाfly
मक्षिका:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमक्षिका
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
मशकmosquito
मशक:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमशक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आवृतम्covered/filled (with)
आवृतम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-वृ (वृञ् आवरणे)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इतःfrom here/on this side
इतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतस्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रेतश्वsemen/seed (as a foul substance)
रेतश्व:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरेतस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कुणपैःby/with carcasses
कुणपैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकुणप
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
समन्तात्on all sides
समन्तात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्तात्
परिवारितम्surrounded/encircled
परिवारितम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-√वृ (वृञ् आवरणे)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
P
path/road
G
gadflies (daṁśa)
F
flies (akṣikā)
M
mosquitoes (maśaka)
B
bears (bhallūka)
C
corpses (kuṇapa)

Educational Q&A

The verse forces a confrontation with the consequences of violence and the fragility of the body: worldly glory ends in decay, and ethical reflection (dharma-vicāra) must account for the suffering and ruin that adharma leaves behind.

Vaiśampāyana describes a dreadful stretch of the journey: the road is swarming with biting insects and ominous creatures, and it is surrounded everywhere by decomposing corpses, creating a scene of horror and moral warning.