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Shloka 17

Karṇa-parva Adhyāya 20 — Yudhiṣṭhira–Duryodhana Encounter and Escalation of Arms

तेषां निनदतां चैव शस्त्रवर्ष च मुज्चताम्‌ । बहूनाधिरथिरवीर: प्रममाथ्ेषुभि: परान्‌,जोर-जोरसे गर्जते तथा अस्त्र-शस्त्रोंकी वर्षा करते हुए उन शत्रुसैनिकोंमेंसे बहुतोंको वीर कर्णने अपने बाणोंसे मथ डाला

teṣāṁ ninadatāṁ caiva śastravarṣaṁ ca muñcatām | bahūn ādhirathir vīraḥ pramamātha eṣubhiḥ parān ||

Sañjaya said: As those warriors roared aloud and poured down a rain of weapons, the heroic Karṇa—son of Adhiratha—crushed many of the foes with his arrows. The scene underscores the grim momentum of battle, where prowess and resolve drive men to relentless violence, even as the moral weight of slaughter hangs over the field.

तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
निनदताम्of (those) roaring/shouting
निनदताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootनिनद् (धातु: नद्)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural, शतृ-प्रत्यय (present active participle) used substantively
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
शस्त्रवर्षम्a shower of weapons
शस्त्रवर्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्रवर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मुञ्चताम्of (those) releasing/letting fly
मुञ्चताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootमुच्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural, शतृ-प्रत्यय (present active participle) used substantively
बहून्many
बहून्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अधिरथिःthe great chariot-warrior (Karna)
अधिरथिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधिरथि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वीरःthe hero
वीरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रममाथcrushed/overpowered
प्रममाथ:
TypeVerb
Rootमथ् (प्र-)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इषुभिःwith arrows
इषुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइषु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
परान्the foes/others (enemies)
परान्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa (Ādhirathi)
A
arrows (iṣu)
W
weapons (śastra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the battlefield reality that martial skill and determination can overwhelm opponents, while implicitly reminding the listener that war—though pursued as kṣatriya-duty—carries severe ethical gravity due to the mass destruction it entails.

Amid loud battle-cries and a shower of weapons from the opposing fighters, Karṇa responds with superior archery, striking down many enemies with his arrows; Sañjaya reports this to Dhṛtarāṣṭra as part of the unfolding combat.