Shloka 31

Droṇa–Arjuna Yuddha; Trigarta-Āvaraṇa; Bhīmasena Gajānīka-bheda

Droṇa and Arjuna Engage; Trigarta Containment; Bhīma Breaks the Elephant Corps

Devanagari script

रथिनश्न रथै राजन्‌ कर्णिनालीकसायकै: । निहत्य समरे वीरान्‌ सिंहनादान्‌ विनेदिरे,राजन! रथी लोग रथोंपर आरूढ़ हो कर्णी, नालीक और सायकोंद्वारा समरमें वीरोंका वध करके सिंहनाद कर रहे थे

Transliteration

rathinaś ca rathaiḥ rājan karṇinālīkasāyakaiḥ | nihatya samare vīrān siṃhanādān vinedire ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: “O King, the chariot-warriors, mounted upon their chariots, slew heroes in the press of battle with karṇī, nālīka, and other arrows; and having struck them down, they roared lion-like cries of triumph.”

Word by Word

• रथिनः: chariot-warriors
• रथिनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• रथैः: with chariots
• रथैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• कर्णि-नालीक-सायकैः: with karnin (barbed) arrows, nālīka arrows, and missiles
• कर्णि-नालीक-सायकैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्णि + नालीक + सायक
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• निहत्य: having slain
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन्
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), नि

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• वीरान्: heroes
• वीरान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• सिंहनादान्: lion-roars (war-cries)
• सिंहनादान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिंहनाद
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• विनेदिरे: they roared / they sounded
• Type: Verb
• Root: नद्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada, Third, Plural, वि

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'rājan')
• ratha (chariot)
• rathin (chariot-warriors)
• karṇī (arrow type)
• nālīka (weapon/arrow type)
• sāyaka (arrows)