Shloka 88

Chapter 47: Krauñca-vyūha Deployment and Conch-Signals

Kaurava–Pāṇḍava Readiness

Devanagari script

संजय उवाच अनुमान्याथ कौन्तेयो मातुलं मद्रकेश्वरम्‌ । निर्जगाम महासैन्याद्‌ भ्रातृभि: परिवारित:,संजय कहते हैं--राजन्‌! इस प्रकार अपने मामा मद्रराज शल्यकी अनुमति लेकर भाइयोंसे घिरे हुए कुन्तीपुत्र युधिष्ठिर उस विशाल सेनासे बाहर निकल गये

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca anumanyātha kaunteyo mātulaṃ madrakeśvaram | nirjagāma mahāsainyād bhrātṛbhiḥ parivāritaḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: O King, having obtained the consent of his maternal uncle, Śalya—the lord of Madra—Kuntī’s son Yudhiṣṭhira, surrounded by his brothers, went out from that vast army. The moment underscores disciplined conduct in war: even amid urgency, he proceeds with due permission and with fraternal solidarity.

Word by Word

• संजयः: Sanjaya
• संजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: संजय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अनुमान्य: having obtained permission / having assented
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु + मन्
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), Active

• अथ: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• कौन्तेयः: the son of Kunti (Yudhishthira)
• कौन्तेयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौन्तेय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मातुलम्: maternal uncle
• मातुलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातुल
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• मद्रकेश्वरम्: the king/lord of Madra (Shalya)
• मद्रकेश्वरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद्रक-ईश्वर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• निर्जगाम: went out / departed
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि: + गम्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• महासैन्यात्: from the great army
• महासैन्यात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा-सेना
• Form: Feminine, Ablative, Singular

• भ्रातृभिः: by/with (his) brothers
• भ्रातृभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• परिवारितः: surrounded / accompanied
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + वृ (वृञ्) / √वृ (to cover, surround)
• Form: Past Passive Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Yudhiṣṭhira (Kaunteya)
• Śalya (Madra-king, maternal uncle)
• Madra (kingdom/region)
• the great army (mahāsainya)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in the pressure of battle, dharmic action includes restraint and propriety: Yudhiṣṭhira does not act impulsively but proceeds after securing the assent of an elder/relative (Śalya), reflecting respect, order, and ethical discipline.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Yudhiṣṭhira, accompanied by his brothers, leaves the large army after taking permission from his maternal uncle Śalya, the king of Madra.