Shloka 32
Brahma-vidyā: Satya–Tapas and the Enumeration of Tattvas
Arjuna–Vāsudeva framed dialogue
ब्रह्मोवाच सत्याद् भूतानि जातानि स्थावराणि चराणि च । तपसा तानि जीवन्ति इति तदू वित्त सुव्रता: । स्वां योनिं समतिक्रम्य वर्तन्ते स्वेन कर्मणा,ब्रह्माजीने कहा--उत्तम व्रतका पालन करनेवाले महर्षियो! ऐसा जानो कि चराचर जीव सत्यस्वरूप परमात्मासे उत्पन्न हुए हैं और तपरूप कर्मसे जीवन धारण करते हैं। वे अपने कारणस्वरूप ब्रह्मको भूलकर अपने कर्मोके अनुसार आवागमनके चक्रमें घूमते हैं
brahmovāca satyād bhūtāni jātāni sthāvarāṇi carāṇi ca | tapasā tāni jīvanti iti tad ūhita suvratāḥ | svāṃ yoniṃ samatikramya vartante svena karmaṇā |
Brahmā said: “From Truth (satya) all beings are born—both the immovable and the moving. By tapas (austerity, disciplined effort) they sustain their life; know this well, O you of excellent vows. Yet, overstepping their own source, they proceed according to their own deeds, revolving onward under the momentum of karma.”
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
All beings arise from Satya (Truth/reality) and are sustained by tapas (disciplined effort/austerity). Yet beings often disregard their true source and continue under the force of their own karma, which drives ongoing worldly movement and repeated experience.
A doctrinal statement is being delivered in the form of Brahmā’s speech (reported within the chapter’s dialogue). The speaker instructs the ascetic listeners (“suvratāḥ”) about the origin of life, the sustaining power of tapas, and the karmic mechanism by which beings continue in saṃsāra when they lose sight of their causal ground.