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Shloka 12

ययातिः शर्मिष्ठायाः ऋतुप्रार्थनां धर्मसंवादं च शृणोति

Yayāti and Śarmiṣṭhā: request in ṛtu and discourse on truth and dharma

कच उवाच अनियोज्ये नियोगे मां नियुनड्क्षि शुभव्रते । प्रसीद सुभ्रु त्वं महां गुरोर्गुरुतरा शुभे,कचने कहा--उत्तम व्रतका आचरण करनेवाली सुन्दरी! तुम मुझे ऐसे कार्यमें लगा रही हो, जिसमें लगाना कदापि उचित नहीं है। शुभे! तुम मेरे ऊपर प्रसन्न होओ। तुम मेरे लिये गुरुसे भी बढ़कर गुरुतर हो। विशाल नेत्र तथा चन्द्रमाके समान मुखवाली भागमिनि! शुक्राचार्यके जिस उदरमें तुम रह चुकी हो, उसीमें मैं भी रहा हूँ। इसलिये भटद्रे! धर्मकी दृष्टिसे तुम मेरी बहिन हो। अतः सुमध्यमे! मुझसे ऐसी बात न कहो। कल्याणी। मैं तुम्हारे यहाँ बड़े सुखसे रहा हूँ। तुम्हारे प्रति मेरे मनमें तनिक भी रोष नहीं है

kaca uvāca: aniyojye niyoge māṁ niyuṅkṣi śubhavrate | prasīda subhru tvaṁ mahāṁ guror gurutarā śubhe ||

Kaca said: “O fair-browed maiden of noble vows, you are urging me into an appointment that is not fit to be undertaken. Be gracious to me, O auspicious one. For me you are weightier in reverence even than my teacher. Therefore, do not press me toward this improper course.”

कचःKacha
कचः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकच
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अनियोज्येin (a matter) not fit to be enjoined/appointed
अनियोज्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअनियोज्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
नियोगेin an appointment/commission (niyoga)
नियोगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनियोग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
नियुनङ्क्षिyou appoint/engage (me)
नियुनङ्क्षि:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
शुभव्रतेO woman of auspicious vow
शुभव्रते:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootशुभ-व्रत
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
प्रसीदbe gracious / be pleased
प्रसीद:
TypeVerb
Rootसद् (प्र+सद्)
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सुभ्रुO fair-browed one
सुभ्रु:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootसु-भ्रू
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
महाम्me
महाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
गुरोःthan the teacher / of the teacher
गुरोः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Ablative/Genitive, Singular
गुरुतराmore weighty / greater
गुरुतरा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगुरुतर
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
शुभेO auspicious one
शुभे:
TypeAdjective (vocative epithet)
Rootशुभ
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular

कच उवाच

K
Kaca

Educational Q&A

The verse emphasizes dharmic restraint: even when urged by someone dear or respected, one should refuse actions deemed improper (aniyojya), upholding ethical boundaries and reverence-based social norms.

Kaca addresses a virtuous maiden who is pressing him toward an unsuitable ‘niyoga’ (commission/union). He respectfully declines, asking her to be gracious and acknowledging her as highly venerable, thereby framing his refusal as a matter of dharma rather than hostility.