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Shloka 7

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 181 — Svayaṃvara Aftermath: Arjuna–Karna Exchange and Bhīma–Śalya Contest

अरण्यं निर्जनं गत्वा सदार: परिचक्रमे । नानामृगगणाकीर्ण नानासत्त्वसमाकुलम्‌,अपनी स्त्रीके साथ निर्जन वनमें जाकर वे चारों ओर चक्कर लगाने लगे। वह महान्‌ वन भाँति-भाँतिके मृगोंसे भरा हुआ था। उसमें नाना प्रकारके जीव-जन्तु निवास करते थे

araṇyaṃ nirjanaṃ gatvā sadāraḥ paricakrame | nānāmṛgagaṇākīrṇaṃ nānāsattvasamākulam ||

Having gone to a lonely wilderness together with his wife, he began to wander about on all sides. That great forest was crowded with herds of many kinds of deer and was teeming with diverse living creatures—setting the scene for an encounter in a liminal space where desire, restraint, and right conduct will be tested.

अरण्यम्forest
अरण्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअरण्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निर्जनम्deserted, uninhabited
निर्जनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्जन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गत्वाhaving gone
गत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), Non-finite
सदारःwith (his) wife
सदारः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसदार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परिचक्रमेwandered about, roamed around
परिचक्रमे:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + क्रम्
Formलिट् (Perfect), Ātmanepada, Third, Singular
नानाvarious, many kinds of
नाना:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाना
मृगdeer/animals (wild beasts)
मृग:
TypeNoun
Rootमृग
FormMasculine, Genitive (in compound relation), Plural (sense)
गणgroups, herds
गण:
TypeNoun
Rootगण
FormMasculine, Genitive (in compound relation), Plural (sense)
आकीर्णम्filled, crowded
आकीर्णम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootआ + कृ (कीर्ण)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Accusative, Singular
नानाvarious
नाना:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाना
सत्त्वliving beings, creatures
सत्त्व:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Genitive (in compound relation), Plural (sense)
समाकुलम्teeming with, full of
समाकुलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + आकुल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

गन्धर्व उवाच

A
araṇya (forest)
M
mṛga-gaṇa (herds of deer/wild animals)
S
sattva (various creatures)
S
sadāra (the man together with his wife)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames the forest as a morally charged setting: solitude and untamed nature often become the backdrop for trials of self-control and dharma. By emphasizing ‘with his wife’ and the deserted wilderness, it hints at the ethical stakes of how one behaves when away from society’s gaze.

A man, accompanied by his wife, enters a deserted forest and roams about. The forest is described as vast and alive—filled with herds of deer and many creatures—preparing the narrative for a significant meeting or event to occur in this wilderness.