Mantra 47

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

सरस्वति या सरथं ययाथोक्थैः स्वधाभिर्देवि पितृभिर्मदन्ती । सहस्रार्घमिडो अत्र भागं रायस्पोषं यजमानाय धेहि

IAST Transliteration

sárasvati yā́ saráthaṃ yayā́tha uktháiḥ svadhā́bhir devi pitṛ́bhir mádantī | sahasrārghám iḍó átra bhāgáṃ rāyás-poṣaṃ yájamānāya dhehi ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

O Sarasvatī, who, sharing one car, hast gone—rejoicing with the Fathers—by hymns and by svadhā-offerings: here set thou for the sacrificer a portion of Iḍā, of thousandfold price, even increase of wealth and thriving store.

Word by Word

• सरस्वति: O Sarasvatī
• सरस्वति: सम्बोधन (address)
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: सरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक) प्रत्ययान्त स्त्रीलिङ्ग

• या: who
• या: कर्तृ (relative subject)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सरथम्: with a chariot; chariot-borne
• सरथम्: कर्म (गत्यर्थे—‘in/with a chariot’ as manner/object of motion)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-रथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• ययाथ: you went; you have gone
• ययाथ: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)

• उक्थैः: with hymns/recitations
• उक्थैः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: उक्थ (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्वधाभिः: with svadhā-offerings; with ancestral oblations
• स्वधाभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वधा (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवि: O goddess
• देवि: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)

• पितृभिः: with the Fathers (ancestors)
• पितृभिः: सह/साकं (सहकारक-भावः; instrumental of accompaniment)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• मदन्ती: rejoicing; exulting
• मदन्ती: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: मद् (धातु) → मदन्ती (शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• सहस्रार्घम्: worth a thousand (in value); of thousandfold worth
• सहस्रार्घम्: कर्म (भोग्य/प्राप्य-भागस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सहस्र-अर्घ (प्रातिपदिक; समास)

• इडः: of Iḍā / of the oblation called iḍā
• इडः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इड (प्रातिपदिक; ‘refreshment/oblation/Idā’)

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: अधिकरण (देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)

• भागम्: a share; portion
• भागम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाग (प्रातिपदिक)

• रायः: of wealth
• रायः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: राय्/रायि (प्रातिपदिक ‘wealth’)

• पोषम्: nourishment; prosperity
• पोषम्: कर्म (धेहि इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पोष (प्रातिपदिक)

• यजमानाय: to the sacrificer
• यजमानाय: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: यजमान (प्रातिपदिक)

• धेहि: place; bestow
• धेहि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धातु)

Attribution

Rishi: As per AV 18 anukramaṇī tradition (Pitṛ-hymn seers; variable across recensions).

Devata: Sarasvatī with Pitṛs; iḍā as ritual portion.

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like.

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"From wondrous image (shared chariot with Pitṛs) to calm confidence in prosperity-bestowal.","listener_experience":"Uplifted reverence; sense of being carried by a larger continuity that can bless materially and spiritually.","intensity":6}