Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 42

Devanagari script

तया संचालितः सोऽथ मांडव्यो मुनिपुंगवः । परां पीडां समासाद्य ततः प्राह सुदुःखितः

Transliteration

tayā saṃcālitaḥ so'tha māṃḍavyo munipuṃgavaḥ | parāṃ pīḍāṃ samāsādya tataḥ prāha suduḥkhitaḥ

Translation

Terguncang olehnya, resi Māṇḍavya—yang utama di antara para pertapa—jatuh ke dalam derita yang lebih besar, lalu dengan sangat pilu ia berseru.

Word by Word

• tayā: by her
• tayā: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे तृतीया-विभक्तिः (करण/सहायक), एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम-रूपम् (Instrumental singular feminine)

• saṃcālitaḥ: moved, shaken
• saṃcālitaḥ: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: saṃ√cal (धातु) + kta (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; कर्मणि प्रयोगे ‘moved/caused to move’ (past passive participle)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम (Nominative singular masculine)

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (Discourse connective/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; अनुक्रम/अनन्तरार्थक-निपातः (then/thereupon)

• māṃḍavyaḥ: Māṇḍavya
• māṃḍavyaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māṃḍavya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; व्यक्तिवाचक-नाम (proper noun)

• munipuṃgavaḥ: the foremost of sages
• munipuṃgavaḥ: Karta (Apposition/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muni (प्रातिपदिक) + puṃgava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समासः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: मुनीनां पुंगवः); पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम्

• parām: great, intense
• parām: Karma (Qualifier of object/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (accusative singular feminine)

• pīḍām: pain, affliction
• pīḍām: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pīḍā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (Accusative singular)

• samāsādya: having reached/experienced
• samāsādya: Kriya-viseshana (Absolutive/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-√sad (धातु) + lyap (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययः)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्तः (ल्यप्/क्त्वा); पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया (having reached/after experiencing)

• tataḥ: then, thereafter
• tataḥ: Desha-Kala (Temporal/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; अपादान/कालार्थक-निपातः (thereupon/from then)

• prāha: said
• prāha: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√ah (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (परोक्शभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्, परस्मैपदम्

• suduḥkhitaḥ: very distressed
• suduḥkhitaḥ: Karta (Qualifier of subject/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + duḥkhita (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्ताधारित)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (very sorrowful)

Speaker

Narrator (Purāṇic narrator; likely Sūta/Lomaharṣaṇa in Mahātmya-style narration)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A revered sage, shaken and pained, steadies himself and speaks in anguish; the atmosphere is tense, with onlookers startled by the sudden outcry.

Characters & Entities

• Māṇḍavya

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Suffering can intensify through unintended actions, prompting inquiry into moral causality (karma) and responsibility.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The narrative remains anchored in Hāṭakeśvara-kṣetra within the Tīrthamāhātmya frame.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it transitions into dialogue and moral questioning.