Rig Veda 8.45.25: Mandala 8, Sukta 45, Mantra 25
Sukta 8.45
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Devata: Indra
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Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
या वृत्रहा परावति सना नवा च चुच्युवे । ता संसत्सु प्र वोचत ॥
Transliteration
yā́ vṛtra-hā parāváti sanā́ návā ca cucyuvé | tā́ saṃsát-su prá vocata ||
Translation
Perbuatan-perbuatan Sang Pembunuh Vṛtra, yang dilakukan di kejauhan sana—tua namun selalu baru—wartakanlah dengan lantang dalam sidang-sidang.
Word by Word
याshe who / which (fem.)
या:
Kartā (relative subject) / viśeṣaṇa of implied devatā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika ‘ya-’)
वृत्रहाVṛtra-slayer
वृत्रहा:
Kartā (as epithet of the subject) / viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootवृत्रहन् (prātipadika; kṛdanta from √हन् ‘to slay’ with object ‘वृत्र’)
परावतिin the far distance / in a far region
परावति:
Adhikaraṇa (location)
TypeNoun
Rootपरावत् (prātipadika) → loc. sg. ‘परावति’
सनाfrom of old, long ago
सना:
(kriyā-viśeṣaṇa) adverbial modifier
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसन (avyaya) / ‘sanā’ (Vedic indeclinable)
नवाnew(ly), anew
नवा:
(kriyā-viśeṣaṇa) adverbial ‘anew’
TypeAdjective
Rootनव (prātipadika)
चand
च:
samuccaya (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (avyaya)
चुच्युवेhas moved / has advanced / has set forth
चुच्युवे:
Kriyā (main verb of relative clause)
TypeVerb
Root√च्यु (to move, fall, slip) — reduplicated perfect
ताthose (fem.), them
ता:
Karma (object of ‘वोचत’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika ‘ta-’)
संसत्सुin the assemblies / in the sessions
संसत्सु:
Adhikaraṇa (location: ‘in the assemblies’)
TypeNoun
Rootसंसद् (prātipadika) ‘assembly, session’
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
(kriyā-viśeṣaṇa) preverb to ‘वोचत’
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga/avyaya)
वोचतspeak (you all), proclaim
वोचत:
Kriyā (injunction to the addressed)
TypeVerb
Root√वच् (to speak) — injunctive/aorist imperative-type form
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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