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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 17

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

Devanagari script

ब्रूह्याद्यादेः परस्याप्यौ श्रावयेत्यादिके प्लुतः । दाश्वांश्व स्वतवान्यापौत्रिभिष्ट्वं च नृभिष्टुतः ॥ १७ ॥

Transliteration

brūhyādyādeḥ parasyāpyau śrāvayetyādike plutaḥ | dāśvāṃśva svatavānyāpautribhiṣṭvaṃ ca nṛbhiṣṭutaḥ || 17 ||

Translation

Dalam bentuk seperti “brūhi” dan sejenisnya, juga pada kata “au”, serta pada ungkapan “śrāvayet” dan semisalnya, vokal hendaknya diucapkan sebagai pluta, yakni dipanjangkan. Demikian pula pada bentuk “dāśvāṃśva”, “svatavān”, dan rangkaian “yā-pautri-”, dipakai bunyi “tvaṃ”; dan pada “nṛbhiṣṭutaḥ” pun ditetapkan kaidah fonetik yang sesuai.॥17॥

Word by Word
ब्रूहि-आदि-आदेःof the beginning (rule-section) ‘brūhi’ etc.
ब्रूहि-आदि-आदेः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रूहि (धातु √ब्रू) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; समासः—(ब्रूहि-आदि) इति तत्पुरुषः, तस्य ‘आदेः’ = ‘आदौ/प्रारम्भे’ इत्यर्थे षष्ठी
परस्यof the following (one)
परस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
अपिalso/even
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (particle)
औthe vowel ‘au’
औ:
Nirdeshaka (निर्देशक/marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऔ (स्वर/प्रत्याहार-चिह्न)
Formअव्यय; स्वर-निर्देश (vowel marker)
श्रावयेति-आदिकेin the section beginning with “śrāvaye”
श्रावयेति-आदिके:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootश्रावयेति (धातु √श्रु, णिच् causative; इति-उद्धरण) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; समासः—‘श्रावयेति’ इत्यस्य उद्धरणेन ‘आदि’ सह तत्पुरुषः; ‘-के’ = अधिकरण-सप्तमी
प्लुतः(the) pluta (protracted vowel)
प्लुतः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootप्लुत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
दाश्वान्the giver (Vedic form)
दाश्वान्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदाश्वस् (प्रातिपदिक; √दा ‘to give’ से कृत/विशेष-रूप)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; वैदिक-रूप (Vedic form)
श्वtomorrow
श्व:
Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootश्व (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of time)
स्वतवान्possessing one’s own (i.e., endowed)
स्वतवान्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वतवत् (प्रातिपदिक; -वत् प्रत्यय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; गुणवाचक विशेषण
यापौत्रिभिःby/with the yāpautris (a class/name)
यापौत्रिभिः:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootयापौत्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; वैदिक/व्याकरण-उदाहरण-शब्द
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
चand
च:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
नृभिःby men
नृभिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन
स्तुतःpraised
स्तुतः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Root√स्तु (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities
N
Narada
S
Sanatkumara

FAQs

It teaches that precision in sacred sound (śabda)—especially correct vowel length and prescribed forms—is part of dharma and supports the purity and efficacy of Vedic study that ultimately aids moksha-oriented discipline.

While technical, it supports bhakti indirectly: devotion expressed through mantra and recitation becomes steadier and more potent when pronunciation follows śikṣā and vyākaraṇa, preventing errors (doṣa) in worship and japa.

Śikṣā (phonetics) and Vyākaraṇa (grammar): specifically the use of pluta (protracted) vowels and prescribed word-forms in Vedic recitation contexts.

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