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Shloka 54

देवानृषिगणांश्वैव नृपांश्व जगतीश्वरान्‌ । सांख्यं योगं च परमं हव्यं कव्यं तथैव च

bhīṣma uvāca | devān ṛṣigaṇāṁś caiva nṛpāṁś ca jagatīśvarān | sāṅkhyaṁ yogaṁ ca paramaṁ havyaṁ kavyaṁ tathaiva ca ||

Bhishma berkata: Hendaknya seseorang melantunkan dan mengingat para dewa, himpunan para resi, serta raja-raja yang memerintah bumi. Hendaknya pula ia melantunkan Sāṅkhya dan Yoga dalam makna tertingginya, serta persembahan suci bagi para dewa (havya) dan bagi para leluhur (kavya). Ingatan dan pujian demikian amat membawa berkah dan menyucikan bagi semua makhluk; dengan mengulanginya berkali-kali, penyakit mereda dan segala perbuatan memperoleh penguatan yang terbaik. Karena itu, wahai Bharata, setiap hari pada pagi dan petang, dengan batin yang disucikan, seseorang hendaknya melakukan kīrtana bagi Tuhan dan juga menyebut nama para dewa, resi, dan raja tersebut.

देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ऋषिगणान्the groups of sages
ऋषिगणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋषिगण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
नृपान्kings
नृपान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जगतीश्वरान्lords of the earth/world (sovereign rulers)
जगतीश्वरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजगतीश्वर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सांख्यम्Sāṅkhya (doctrine/path)
सांख्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसांख्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
योगम्Yoga (discipline/path)
योगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परमम्supreme
परमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हव्यम्havis; oblation to the gods
हव्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहव्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कव्यम्kavya; offering to the ancestors (pitṛs)
कव्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकव्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
devāḥ (gods)
ṛṣayaḥ (sages)
N
nṛpāḥ (kings)
S
Sāṅkhya
Y
Yoga
H
havya
K
kavya
B
Bharata (addressed)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that regular remembrance/recitation of revered beings and sacred principles—gods, sages, righteous rulers, and the highest Sāṅkhya and Yoga, along with havya and kavya—purifies the mind, brings auspiciousness, supports one’s actions, and helps remove afflictions when practiced consistently, especially at dawn and dusk.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction-setting, Bhishma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira (addressed as ‘Bharata’) on dharmic conduct. Here he recommends a disciplined daily regimen of devotional recitation and remembrance, linking ethical-spiritual well-being with regular practice.