Rig Veda 9.46.1: Mandala 9, Sukta 46, Mantra 1
Sukta 9.46
- Devata
- Soma Pavamāna
- Rasa
- Vira (heroism) and Shanta (peace)
असृग्रन्देववीतयेऽत्यासः कृत्व्या इव । क्षरन्तः पर्वतावृधः ॥
asṛ́gran devá-vītaye átyāsaḥ kṛtvyā́ iva | kṣárantaḥ parvatā-vṛ́dhaḥ ||
यह तेज़ धारें देवता लोगों के लिए निकली हैं। जैसे कोई काम में लगा हो, वैसे ही बह रहे हैं। पहाड़ भी उनसे बड़े हो रहे हैं।
Word by Word
- असृग्रन्
- they have sent forth / they let flowVerbलुङ् (अorist), परस्मैपद, 3rd person pluralRole क्रिया (मुख्य क्रियापद)Root सृज् (धातु) + उपसर्ग आ- (आसृज्) अथवा √सृज् (प्रेषणे/सर्गे)
- देववीतये
- for the divine reception / for the gods’ enjoymentNounस्त्रीलिङ्ग (वीति-), चतुर्थी एकवचनRole सम्प्रदानRoot देव-वीति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘देव-वीति’ = देवैः वीतिः/आह्वान-प्राप्तिः)
- अत्यासः
- the racers / the steedsNounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचनRole कर्तृRoot अत्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अत्य’ = घोड़ा/दौत्य-सम्बद्ध)
- कृत्व्याः
- (like) the workers / doersNounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचनRole कर्तृ (उपमा-उपमेय के रूप में)Root कृत्व्य- (प्रातिपदिक; कृत्व्यः = कृत्य/कर्मणि-सम्बद्ध, ‘कृत्व्य’ as RV word for ‘work/operation, craft’)
- इव
- like, asIndeclinableउपमानवाचक अव्ययRole सम्बन्ध (उपमा-सूचक)Root इव
- क्षरन्तः
- flowing, streamingVerb (participle)वर्तमान कृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचनRole कर्तृ (असृग्रन् के कर्तृ का विशेषण)Root क्षर् (धातु)
- पर्वतावृधः
- mountain-swelling / making the mountains growAdjective (compound)पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष-समासार्थ: ‘पर्वतान् वर्धयन्तः’Role कर्तृ (अत्यासः/क्षरन्तः का विशेषण)Root पर्वत- + वृध (प्रातिपदिक; वृध = ‘वर्धक/वर्धमान’)
Sandhi Notes
- पदच्छेद: असृग्रन् | देववीतये | अत्यासः | कृत्व्याः | इव | क्षरन्तः | पर्वतावृधः । 1) देववीतयेऽत्यासः = देववीतये + अत्यासः (ए + अ → एऽ)
- 2) कृत्व्या॑ इव: पदान्त ‘आ’ + ‘इ’ का संधि नहीं (पदविराम/पादविभाग के कारण), अतः कृत्व्याः | इव।
The meaning
Outer meaning
They have surged forth for the gods’ enjoyment—these swift ones—like active craftsmen at their work; flowing out, they increase the mountains.
Inner meaning
The Soma currents (plural: many drops/forces) surge out for the ‘gods’ enjoyment’ (devavītaye): for the strengthening of the illumined powers in us. They are atyāsaḥ—swift, impetuous energies—yet not chaotic: like kṛtvyāḥ (skilled doers) set to their craft, they move with practiced rightness. As they pour (kṣarantaḥ), they ‘increase the mountains’ (parvatāvṛdhaḥ): they build and heighten the firm ranges of consciousness—stable luminous foundations (parvata) in the being that can support ascent.
Universal truth
When purified delight is released into life, it becomes skilled energy that strengthens higher faculties and builds stable inner heights—endurance, clarity, and spiritual foundation.
Themes
Soma-ritual, flow and ascent, strengthening the heights, dynamic forces
The seer
- Other hymns
- RV 9.46 (hymn context)
Significance
The seer emphasizes transformation of force: swiftness becomes ‘craft’ rather than turbulence. This is a key yogic principle—energy must be purified and made skillful to build enduring spiritual ‘mountains’.
The deity
- Devata
- Soma Pavamāna
- Epithets
- Pavamāna, Indu (implicit in the Soma streams), Parvatāvṛdh (mountain-increaser, descriptive)
- Related deities
- Indra (strengthened by Soma), Maruts (swift energies; conceptual kinship), Agni (organizer of the sacrifice)
Cosmic role
Energizer of the gods; builder of stable luminous formations; purifier that turns raw force into skilled power.
Inner power
Disciplined dynamism—Ananda converting intensity into constructive stability.
In ritual
Where it is used
Soma purification/flow in Soma-yajña (Pavamāna).
असृ॑ग्रन्दे॒ववी॑त॒येऽत्या॑स॒: कृत्व्या॑ इव । क्षर॑न्तः पर्वता॒वृध॑: ॥
असृ॑ग्रन् । दे॒वऽवी॑तये । अत्या॑सः । कृत्व्याः॑ऽइव । क्षर॑न्तः । प॒र्व॒त॒ऽवृधः॑ ॥
asṛgran | deva-vītaye | atyāsaḥ | kṛtvyāḥ-iva | kṣarantaḥ | parvata-vṛdhaḥ
To be verified (likely Triṣṭubh/Jagatī common in descriptive surging verses).
Two half-lines shown; full metrical pādas to be verified.
Surging opening, then steady constructive cadence; imagery supports a ‘build and rise’ rhythm.
Invokes energetic uplift while keeping a sense of order and workmanship—good for energizing without agitation.
- asṛgran
- Literal: surged forth/flowed out. Symbolic: release of clarified forces into active movement
- devavītaye
- Literal: for the gods’ enjoyment/refreshment. Symbolic: for nourishing the illumined powers and their workings
- atyāsaḥ
- Literal: very swift ones. Symbolic: intensified vital-mental energies made swift by Ananda
- kṛtvyāḥ iva
- Literal: like artisans/craftsmen. Symbolic: disciplined, skillful application of force (right tapas)
- kṣarantaḥ
- Literal: flowing/oozing. Symbolic: continuous outpouring of consciousness-energy
- parvatāvṛdhaḥ
- Literal: increasing the mountains. Symbolic: building stable heights/structures of the being (firm planes of consciousness)
Pavamāna hymns accompanying Soma’s pressing/flow to the gods; imagery aligns with Soma-currents rushing to the offering-place.
During Soma straining and collection; verses celebrating the flowing currents.
Recitation accompanying the outflow of Soma and its offering to devas.
Use when needing ‘skillful energy’: before work, service, or disciplined practice—invoke swiftness that builds stable inner heights.
asṛgran: aorist of √sṛ ‘to flow’ (PIE *sreu- ‘flow’; cf. Eng. stream via Germanic developments). kṣarantaḥ from √kṣar ‘to flow’ (intensive nuance of streaming). parvata ‘mountain’ from parvan ‘joint, knot, eminence’; symbolically the structured heights. vṛdhaḥ from √vṛdh ‘grow’ (PIE *werdh-; cf. Eng. worth in semantic neighborhood of increase/value).
energies of action (kṛtvyā) as instruments of Ṛta, building the inner heights (parvata as stable formations of consciousness)
Kṛtvyā iva indicates energy aligned to right method—Ṛta as skilled order, not mere law.
Building mountains: formation of stable higher planes within the evolving being.
Yoga of transformation: intensities are purified and organized to support ascent.
Streams = released energies of delight; mountains = stable heights of consciousness (firmness, peace, luminous base).
- What is the primary Vedic 'mythologem' present in this verse?
- The rushing Soma-streams (‘swift ones’) go forth to the gods and by their flowing ‘increase the mountains’. Mythically Soma strengthens the divine realms; psychologically the clarified currents of delight-knowledge build stable inner ‘peaks’—enduring formations of higher consciousness.
- How does the linguistic structure reflect Proto-Indo-European roots?
- √sṛ ‘flow’ aligns with PIE *sreu- ‘flow’ (broad IE hydronymic/stream lexicon). √vṛdh ‘grow’ reflects PIE *werdh- (growth/increase). The verse preserves an archaic Indo-European poetic formula: ‘flowing’ powers that ‘increase’ cosmic structures.
- What is the relationship between the Rishi and the Devata here?
- The seer observes and endorses Soma’s dynamic self-manifestation: Soma is not merely offered but acts as an autonomous power that moves toward the gods and simultaneously constructs the inner altitude required for divine participation.
Feel multiple currents of energy in the body; invite them to become ‘craftsmen’—precise, steady, constructive.
Manipura (energy/work) stabilized by Muladhara (foundation) and opened upward to Sahasrara (heights).
Brisk_energetic but controlled breathing (e.g., slightly emphasized exhale) for a few rounds, then settle into steady rhythm.
Dynamic steadiness—power that builds, not scatters.
Chant standing or seated upright; after chanting, visualize inner mountains—still, bright, unshakable—being strengthened by a gentle white-gold flow.
To be verified; chant with a clear lift on the initial verb asṛgran and sustained flow through kṣarantaḥ.
Keep consonant clusters clean: devavītaye; avoid swallowing ‘ty’ in atyāsaḥ.
asṛgran: pronounce ṛ clearly (syllabic r)., kṣarantaḥ: crisp kṣ., parvatāvṛdhaḥ: keep vṛ as short ‘vṛ’, and final ḥ light.
Strong, steady, slightly percussive at the start then flowing.
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