Rig Veda 8.79.3: Mandala 8, Sukta 79, Mantra 3

Sukta 8.79

Devata

Soma

Rasa

Shanta (peace)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

त्वं सोम तनूकृद्भ्यो द्वेषोभ्योऽन्यकृतेभ्यः । उरु यन्तासि वरूथम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 8.79.3

Transliteration

tváṃ soma tanūkṛ́d-bhyo dvéṣo-bhyo 'nyá-kṛtebhyaḥ | urú yantā́si várūtham ||

Translation

हे सोम, तू उन लोगों के लिए बड़ा सुरक्षा कवच है जो अपनी आत्मा को बनाते हैं। तू उन दुश्मनों से बचाता है जो नफ़रत फैलाते हैं और जो दूसरों को नुक़सान पहुँचाते हैं। तू उन सब से मुक्ति दिलाता है।

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Word by Word

त्वम्

youPronoun · पुंलिङ्ग/सर्वलिङ्ग-प्रयोग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचनRole कर्तृ · Root युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

सोम

O SomaNoun · पुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन विभक्ति; एकवचनRole सम्बोधन · Root सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

तनूकृद्भ्यः

to the body-makers / to those who fashion the bodyNoun/Adjective (agent noun) · पुंलिङ्ग; चतुर्थी विभक्ति; बहुवचनRole सम्प्रदान · Root तनू + कृ (कृ धातु) → तनूकृत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

द्वेषोभ्यः

from hatreds / from hostile beingsNoun · नपुंसकलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी विभक्ति; बहुवचनRole अपादान · Root द्वेषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

अन्यकृतेभ्यः

from those made by others / from alien-made (things)Adjective/Participle · पुंलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी विभक्ति; बहुवचनRole अपादान · Root अन्य + कृ (कृ धातु) → अन्यकृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

उरु

widely, far and wideAdjective (used adverbially) · नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया; एकवचन (क्रियाविशेषणवत्)Role विशेषण (क्रियाविशेषण) · Root उरु (प्रातिपदिक)

यन्ता

a restrainer, controllerNoun (agent) · पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचनRole कर्तृ (उपपद-विशेष्य) · Root यम् (धातु) → यन्तृ/यन्ता (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; agent)

असि

you areVerb · लट् (वर्तमान); मध्यमपुरुष; एकवचनRole क्रिया · Root अस् (धातु)

वरूथम्

protection, shelterNoun · नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति; एकवचनRole कर्म (फल/उपादेय) · Root वरूथ (प्रातिपदिक)

Sandhi Notes

• पदच्छेदः: त्वम् | सोम | तनूकृद्भ्यः | द्वेषोभ्यः | अन्यकृतेभ्यः | उरु | यन्ता | असि | वरूथम् । 1) ‘द्वेषोभ्योऽन्यकृतेभ्यः’ = ‘द्वेषोभ्यः + अन्यकृतेभ्यः’
• विसर्गस्य ‘अ’ पूर्वे लोपः, अवग्रहः। 2) ‘यन्तासि’ = ‘यन्ता + असि’
• स्वर-सन्धिः (आ + अ → आ) तथा संहितायां संयोगः। 3) उदात्त/स्वरित चिह्नाः (सो॑म, द्वेषो॑भ्यः, अन्यकृ॑तेभ्यः, य॒न्तासि॒, वरू॑थम्) पाठ-स्वरानुसारं
• पदच्छेदे मूलरूपाणि दर्शितानि।

The meaning

Outer meaning

Soma is a broad protection and guiding refuge for those who fashion the body (or self), against hatreds and harms caused by others.

Inner meaning

For the sādhaka who is ‘tanūkṛt’—one who consciously forms and refines the embodied being as a fit vessel for the soul—Soma becomes a wide, spacious protection (uru varūtha). He guards against hostile vibrations: inner resentments (dveṣa) and outer attacks (anya-kṛta) that disturb the formation of the new nature.

Universal truth

When one undertakes self-formation, a higher delight and peace provides both guidance and protection against inner negativity and external hostility.

Themes

protection, inner formation, warding hostility, guidance

The seer

Other hymns

Rig Veda 8.79.1, Rig Veda 8.79.2, Rig Veda 8.79.4, Rig Veda 8.79.5, Rig Veda 8.79.6

Significance

The seer emphasizes ‘tanūkṛt’—a key yogic idea: conscious formation of the embodied nature under divine influence, protected by Soma’s wideness.

The deity

Devata

Soma

Epithets

uru-varūtha (wide protection, implied), yantā (guide/controller)

Related deities

Varuṇa (as archetype of ‘varūtha’ and vastness), Indra (for overcoming hostile forces), Agni (for inner formation)

Cosmic role

Soma as guardian-essence that sustains the sacrificer, wards off hostility, and leads the rite toward its fulfillment.

Inner power

Protective Ananda that widens consciousness and neutralizes hostile reactions and external disturbances.

In ritual

Where it is used

Soma praise within Soma-yajña; protective invocation for the yajamāna

Accents and Padapatha

Chandas Analysis

Key Symbols

Ritual Application

Etymology

Philosophical Concepts

Vedic Cosmology

Natural Symbolism

Academic Analysis

Yogic Application

Chanting Notes