Rig Veda Sukta 136
Mandala 1Sukta 1367 Mantras

Sukta 136

Sukta 1.136

Rishi

Gautama Rāhūgaṇa (traditional attribution for RV 1.136)

Chandas

Triṣṭubh/Jagatī mixture (probable; requires full metrical scan; marked as uncertain)

RV 1.136 is a hymn of praise and petition to the “two kings,” chiefly Mitra and Varuṇa as Ādityas, whose unassailable sovereignty upholds ṛta (cosmic and moral order). The poet offers thought as oblation and emphasizes Soma as a peace-giving share for Mitra–Varuṇa, asking the kings to make the worshiper’s aims effective. The hymn broadens at the close into a collective appeal for divine protection—Agni, Mitra, Varuṇa (and allied powers) granting śarman (shelter/peace) to the sacrificers.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.136

In this hymn

Addressed to

  • Mitra-VarunaMantras 1, 4-5Mitra-Varuṇa (probable for RV 1.136, ‘two kings’ and later mention of Mitra, Aryaman, Varuṇa in 1.136.2 suggests Ādityas with focus on Mitra-Varuṇa)

    Mitra and Varuṇa appear as paired sovereigns (samrājā) who are sweetly gracious (mṛḻayad-) yet firm in lordship, praised at every sacrifice and especially approached through Soma.

  • AdityasMantras 2-3Ādityas (Mitra, Aryaman, Varuṇa, with Bhaga explicitly)
  • IndraMantra 7
  • MarutsMantra 7
  • AgniMantra 7
  • MitraMantra 7
  • VarunaMantra 7Varuṇa (collective divine help)

Mantras

Mantra 1

प्र सु ज्येष्ठं निचिराभ्यां बृहन्नमो हव्यं मतिं भरता मृळयद्भ्यां स्वादिष्ठं मृळयद्भ्याम् । ता सम्राजा घृतासुती यज्ञेयज्ञ उपस्तुता । अथैनोः क्षत्रं न कुतश्चनाधृषे देवत्वं नू चिदाधृषे ॥

सबसे बड़ा और सबसे पहले का सम्मान लाओ, एक भावना का भोग, उन दोनों के लिए जो हमेशा से हैं, जो दया करते हैं, जो सबसे ज़्यादा प्यार करते हैं। वो दोनों राजा हैं, घी जैसा मीठा रस वाले, हर यज्ञ में स्तुति होते हैं। उनकी राज्य की ताकत कोई तोड़ नहीं सकता, उनकी देवता वाली ताकत भी किसी की पहुँच से बाहर है।

Mantra 2

अदर्शि गातुरुरवे वरीयसी पन्था ऋतस्य समयंस्त रश्मिभिश्चक्षुर्भगस्य रश्मिभिः । द्युक्षं मित्रस्य सादनमर्यम्णो वरुणस्य च । अथा दधाते बृहदुक्थ्यं वय उपस्तुत्यं बृहद्वयः ॥

एक चौड़ी रास्ता दिख गया है, सच का रास्ता जो चमक के साथ जुड़ता है, भगवान के चमक के साथ। मित्र, अर्यमन और वरुण की चमकती हुई सीट है। फिर वो बड़ा-बड़ा बनाते हैं, स्तुति लायक बात, बड़ा-बड़ा बनाते हैं।

Mantra 3

ज्योतिष्मतीमदितिं धारयत्क्षितिं स्वर्वतीमा सचेते दिवेदिवे जागृवांसा दिवेदिवे । ज्योतिष्मत्क्षत्रमाशाते आदित्या दानुनस्पती । मित्रस्तयोर्वरुणो यातयज्जनोऽर्यमा यातयज्जनः ॥

यह मंत्र अदिति की तारीफ करता है। अदिति वो शक्ति है जो दुनिया को संभाल के रखती है। वो रोशनी से भरी है और आसमान को पकड़े हुई है। वो हर दिन हमारे पास आती है, जागती हुई। आदित्य देवता, जो धन और बरकत के मालिक हैं, चमकता हुआ राज चाहते हैं। मित्र, वरुण और आर्यमन, यह तीन लोगों को सही रास्ते पर लगाते हैं।

Mantra 4

अयं मित्राय वरुणाय शंतमः सोमो भूत्ववपानेष्वाभगो देवो देवेष्वाभगः । तं देवासो जुषेरत विश्वे अद्य सजोषसः । तथा राजाना करथो यदीमह ऋतावाना यदीमहे ॥

सोम रस भगवान के लिए अमृत जैसा है। यह मित्र और वरुण को शांति देता है। जब यह देवताओं को चढ़ाया जाता है, वो सब मिल के खुश होते हैं। दो राजा, मित्र और वरुण, हम आपसे यह माँगते हैं कि आप हमारी सुनो। आप जो सच्चे हैं, आप हमारी अर्ज़ पूरी करो।

Mantra 5

यो मित्राय वरुणायाविधज्जनोऽनर्वाणं तं परि पातो अंहसो दाश्वांसं मर्तमंहसः । तमर्यमाभि रक्षत्यृजूयन्तमनु व्रतम् । उक्थैर्य एनोः परिभूषति व्रतं स्तोमैराभूषति व्रतम् ॥

जो इंसान मित्र और वरुण की भक्ति में एक मन से लगा रहता है, उसको बुराई से बचाओ। वो इंसान जो दान करता है और सही रास्ते पर चलता है, उसको आर्यमन रक्षा करता है। जो इंसान अपनी बानी से धरम को समझाता है, वो सेफ रहता है। जो स्तुति गाता है, वो भी सुरक्षित होता है।

Mantra 6

नमो दिवे बृहते रोदसीभ्यां मित्राय वोचं वरुणाय मीळ्हुषे सुमृळीकाय मीळ्हुषे । इन्द्रमग्निमुप स्तुहि द्युक्षमर्यमणं भगम् । ज्योग्जीवन्तः प्रजया सचेमहि सोमस्योती सचेमहि ॥

इस मंत्र में आसमान और दुनिया को नमस्कार है। मैं मित्र और वरुण की तारीफ करता हूँ। वो दोनों बड़े दानी हैं। इंद्र और अग्नि की भी स्तुति करो। आर्यमन और भग भी चमकते हैं। भगवान हमें लंबी उम्र दे और औलाद दे। सोम देवता की शक्ति से हम हमेशा सुरक्षित रहें।

Mantra 7

ऊती देवानां वयमिन्द्रवन्तो मंसीमहि स्वयशसो मरुद्भिः । अग्निर्मित्रो वरुणः शर्म यंसन्तदश्याम मघवानो वयं च ॥

हम इंद्र की शक्ति से मजबूत होके देवताओं से मदद माँगते हैं। मरुत गण भी हमारे साथ हैं। अग्नि, मित्र और वरुण, यह तीन हमें शांति और सुरक्षा दें। हम भी अपनी श्रद्धा के साथ भगवान तक पहुँचें।

Inside Sukta 136

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    A solemn offering of thought and reverence to the “two eldest, long-enduring” merciful kings whose divinity and rule are unassailable.

  2. Development

    The hymn links their sovereignty to repeated sacrifice and to Soma as a sweet, peace-giving portion, expanding the circle to include other Ādityas and the divine assembly in shared enjoyment.

  3. Climax

    The direct ritual moment: “This Soma for Mitra and Varuṇa” and the plea that the ṛta-possessing kings make the worshiper’s sought-for aims effective.

  4. Where it settles

    The prayer resolves into a broader request for divine help and sheltering peace—Agni, Mitra, Varuṇa (and allied powers) granting protection so the sacrificers may attain the desired good.

The deity: Mitra–Varuṇa

  • In the VedaThey are guardians of ṛta, overseeing truth, oaths, social bonds, and the right ordering of the world.
  • Cosmic functionThey maintain cosmic stability and moral law: Mitra stabilizes harmony, agreement, and right relationship; Varuṇa upholds vast order, watches over transgression, and restores balance through restraint and pardon.
  • Inner significanceThe pair symbolizes the integration of concord and conscience—outer social truth (Mitra) aligned with inner ethical vigilance and self-discipline (Varuṇa). Invoking them is a call to live in integrity so that one’s aims become effective and protected.

The seer

  • Gautama RāhūgaṇaGautama gotra; linked in tradition with the Rāhūgaṇa branch · A Gautama seer associated with Āditya-oriented praise, stressing kingship, mercy, and the inviolable rule of ṛta—especially in hymns addressed to Mitra–Varuṇa.

Famous verses

kṣatraṃ na kutaś canādhṛṣe
Verse 1.136.1Sets the hymn’s keynote: the two sovereign kings are praised at every sacrifice; their kṣatra (sovereign power) and devatva (divinity) are declared unassailable, grounding the prayer in cosmic authority.Read verse 1.136.1 →
ayam mitrāya varuṇāya śaṃtamaḥ somo
Verse 1.136.4Explicitly names Mitra and Varuṇa and identifies Soma as “most peace-giving,” asking all gods to partake in harmony and requesting the two kings to fulfill what is sought in accord with ṛta.Read verse 1.136.4 →
mitro varuṇaḥ śarma yaṃsan
Verse 1.136.7Concluding protective appeal: the worshipers seek divine help and ask for śarman (sheltering peace), tying Mitra–Varuṇa to the wider supportive network of deities in ritual life.Read verse 1.136.7 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Dual sovereignty (samrājā)
  • Guardians of ṛta (truth/order)
  • Merciful and peace-giving when rightly approached
  • Receivers and regulators of Soma-offering
  • Unassailable authority (kṣatra)
  • Protectors of vows, contracts, and right conduct

Also by this seer

  • Traditional attribution within RV Maṇḍala 1 to Gautama-line seers (Gautamas) for several hymns in the early collection
  • Connected in later Vedic memory with the Gautama family of ṛṣis prominent across Rigvedic and Brāhmaṇa-era traditions

The rite, step by step

  • Prepare the altar and establish Agni as the ritual mouth (agnimukha).
  • Consecrate intention (mati) and utter reverential praise to the “two long-enduring kings.”
  • Press and purify Soma; present libations (avapāna) as the peace-giving share for Mitra–Varuṇa.
  • Invite the gods to partake in concord (sajoṣas), affirming ṛta as the guiding principle.
  • Make petitions: that the kings render effective what is sought and keep their rule inviolable over the rite.
  • Conclude with a wider protective prayer for śarman (sheltering peace) through Agni, Mitra, Varuṇa (with allied deities).

Offerings

  • Soma juice/libations (Soma, avapāna)
  • Ghee/clarified butter (ghṛta)
  • Havís (general oblations)
  • Verbal praise (stuti) and formulated intention (mati)

Frequently Asked Questions

They are mainly Mitra and Varuṇa, paired Āditya deities called sovereign kings (samrājā) who uphold ṛta—truth, law, and right order.

Soma is offered as a “most peace-giving” share for Mitra–Varuṇa. The hymn treats Soma as the key ritual medium through which the gods are pleased and blessings become effective.

It asks them to protect the rite and the worshipers, to make the desired aims succeed, and to grant śarman—sheltering peace and safety—through their ṛta-guided kingship.

Ask anything about Sukta 136 of the Rig Veda

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