Atharva Veda 19.55.1: Kanda 19, Anuvaka 6, Sukta 55, Mantra 1

Sukta 55

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

रायस्पोषप्राप्तिः। रात्रिं॑रात्रि॒मप्र॑यातं॒ भर॒न्तोऽश्वा॑येव॒ तिष्ठ॑ते घा॒सम॒स्मै। रा॒यस्पोषे॑ण॒ समि॒षा मद॑न्तो॒ मा ते॑ अग्ने॒ प्रति॑वेशा रिषाम

IAST Transliteration

rāyas-poṣa-prā́ptiḥ | rā́trim rā́trim á-prayātaṃ bháranto ’śvā́ya iva tíṣṭhate ghāsám asmáī | rāyas-poṣéṇa sám-iṣā mádanto mā́ te agne práti-veśā ríṣāma

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Attainment of wealth and thriving. Night after night, not departing, bringing (supply) as fodder for a horse, it stands ready—fodder for him. Rejoicing with wealth and thriving, with gathered nourishment, O Agni, let not thy successive entrants (guests) do us harm.

Translation

यह मंत्र धन और तरक्की के लिए है। रात को रात, खाना लेकर आते हैं, जैसे घोड़े के लिए घास रखा हो। धन और तरक्की से खुश हो के, अग्नि भगवान, तेरा दरवाज़े पे जो आए वो हमे नुकसान न करे।

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Word by Word

• रात्रिम्: night (as the object/goal)
• रात्रिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• रात्रिम्: night (again; ‘night after night’)
• रात्रिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि-

• अप्रयातम्: not gone forth; not departing
• अप्रयातम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र-या (धातु) + अ- (निषेध) → अप्रयात (कृदन्त/भूतकृदन्त-भाव)

• भरन्तः: bearing, carrying
• भरन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: भृ (धातु)

• अश्वाय: for the horse
• अश्वाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व- (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• तिष्ठते: stands, remains
• तिष्ठते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु) → तिष्ठ (वर्तमानधातु)

• घासम्: fodder, grass
• घासम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: घास- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्मै: for him/for this one
• अस्मै: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अयम्/इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• रायः: of wealth
• रायः: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: राय्/रयि- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wealth’)

• पोषेण: with nourishment, with prosperity
• पोषेण: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: पोष- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: सम्

• इषा: with refreshment/food
• इषा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: इषा- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘refreshment/food’)

• मदन्तः: rejoicing, being exhilarated
• मदन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: मद् (धातु)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा

• ते: your
• ते: —
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रतिवेशाः: neighbors
• प्रतिवेशाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतिवेश- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘neighbor/one dwelling opposite’)

• रिषाम: may (they) be harmed / may (they) injure (contextually negated by ‘मा’)
• रिषाम: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: रिष् (धातु) → रिष् (विधिलिङ्/आशीर्लिङ् रूप-सम्भावना) / अथवा ‘रिष्’ (हानौ) 1पु.बहु?

Attribution

Rishi: Ātharvaṇa (late household/prosperity tradition)

Devata: Agni (as household protector and prosperity mediator)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (with prose-like rubric)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shanta

Secondary: vira