Arthashastra 3.9.18: Dharmasthiya, Adhyaya 9, Sutra 18

Devanagari script

यथोपकारं वा विभजेत् ॥

Recitation with translationArthashastra 3.9.18

Transliteration

yathopakāraṃ vā vibhajet

Translation

या फिर जज हिस्सा इस हिसाब से करे कि कितना फायदा हुआ है। जितना काम किया, उतना हिस्सा मिलना चाहिए।

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Word by Word

• यथा: as, according to (the manner/measure)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा
• Form: अव्यय; उपमान/प्रकारवाचक; ‘as/according as’

• उपकारम्: benefit, service rendered, help
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपकार
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-एकवचन; कर्मपद (measure/standard)

• वा: or, alternatively
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्पार्थक (alternative)

• विभजेत्: should divide, should apportion
• Type: Verb
• Root: भज्
• Form: लिङ् (विधिलिङ्); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; उपसर्ग: वि-; अर्थ: ‘to divide/apportion’

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FAQs

When is yathopakāra (proportional division) relevant in land disputes?

When exclusive title is unclear but contributions (labor, investment, maintenance, improvements) are ascertainable, the remedy can be proportional allocation.