Arthashastra 3.7.26: Dharmasthiya, Adhyaya 7, Sutra 26

Devanagari script

शूद्रादायोगवक्षत्तचण्डालाः ॥

Recitation with translationArthashastra 3.7.26

Transliteration

śūdrādāyogavakṣattacaṇḍālāḥ

Translation

जब शूद्र से औलाद होती है, तो तीन ग्रुप बनते हैं, आयोगव, क्षत्त और चांडाल।

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Word by Word

• शूद्रात्: from a Śūdra
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूद्र
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी-एकवचन (अपादान); 'from a Śūdra'

• आयोगवः: Āyogavas (a mixed-caste group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयोगव
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; subject; a named mixed-caste group

• क्षत्तः: Kṣatta (a kṣatriya-associated attendant/official; also treated as a named group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्तृ/क्षत्त
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; a named mixed-caste/office term; here as a member of the list

• चण्डालाः: Caṇḍālas (outcaste group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चण्डाल
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; subject; outcaste group

Entities Mentioned

• Śūdra
• Āyogava
• Kṣattā/Kṣatta
• Caṇḍāla

More Details

FAQs

Why does Kautilya list such group-names in a legal chapter?

To standardize identification of persons in disputes over marriage, inheritance, occupation, and punishments—administration needs stable labels.