Arthashastra 3.18.10: Dharmasthiya, Adhyaya 18, Sutra 10
Devanagari script
अशक्तः कोपं मदं मोहं वापदिशेद्द्वादशपणं दण्डं दद्यात् ॥
Transliteration
aśaktaḥ kopaṃ madaṃ mohaṃ vā apadiśed dvādaśapaṇaṃ daṇḍaṃ dadyāt
Translation
अगर कोई मजबूर या कमज़ोर आदमी गुस्सा, नशा या पागलपन की बात करता है। वो बहाना मान के छूट नहीं मिलेगी। उसको बारह पण का जुर्माना देना पड़ेगा।
Word by Word
अशक्तःone who is unable / incapable (person)
अशक्तः:
TypeAdjective (used as Noun)
Rootशक् (समर्थने)
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः; नञ्-पूर्वकः (अ-शक्त)
कोपम्anger
कोपम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकुप् (कोपे) → कोप
Formद्वितीया-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः
मदम्intoxication / arrogance
मदम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमद् (हर्षे/उन्मादे) → मद
Formद्वितीया-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः
मोहम्delusion / confusion
मोहम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमुह् (वैचित्त्ये) → मोह
Formद्वितीया-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formसमुच्चय/विकल्पार्थक-अव्ययम्
अपदिशेत्should cite/plead (as a pretext)
अपदिशेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअप + दिश् (निर्देशे/उपदेशे)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्
द्वादशपणम्(a fine of) twelve paṇas
द्वादशपणम्:
TypeNumeral + Noun (amount)
Rootद्वादश + पण
Formद्वितीया-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः; ‘द्वादश’ (संख्या) + ‘पण’ (मुद्रा/रूप्यक-मान)
दण्डम्punishment / fine
दण्डम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formद्वितीया-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गः
दद्यात्should give / should impose
दद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्
FAQs
To prevent routine defences (anger/intoxication) from becoming loopholes that erode discipline and increase everyday conflict.
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