Varaha Purana 13.32: Adhyaya 13, Shloka 32

The Genealogy of the Pitṛs and the Determination of Śrāddha Times

Pūrva Bhāga · Jñāna–Mokṣa (Philosophical Instruction)

Devanagari script

एवं ऋषिस्तुतैः शास्त्रं ज्ञात्वा याज्यकसम्भवान् । स्वयं सृष्ट्यां स्मृतिर्लब्धा पुत्राणां ब्रह्मणा ततः । परं निर्वाणमापन्नास्तेऽपि ज्ञानेन एव च ॥ १३.३२ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 13.32

Transliteration

evaṁ ṛṣi-stutaiḥ śāstraṁ jñātvā yājyaka-sambhavān | svayaṁ sṛṣṭyāṁ smṛtir labdhā putrāṇāṁ brahmaṇā tataḥ | paraṁ nirvāṇam āpannās te ’pi jñānena eva ca || 13.32 ||

ITRANS transliteration

Translation

Rishiyon ne jo shiksha di thi, woh samajh mein aa gayi. Yeh yagya se judi hui baat thi. Brahma ne khud isse yaad kar liya, aur phir apne beton ko bhi bataya. Un sabne gyaan se hi mukti pa li.

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Word by Word

• evam: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Root: evam (अव्यय)

• ṛṣi-stutaiḥ: by (those) praised by sages
• Type: Adjective
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa: ṛṣibhiḥ stutaiḥ = ‘praised by sages’
• Role: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Root: ṛṣi + stuta (प्रातिपदिक)

• śāstram: the scripture/teaching
• Type: Noun
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
• Role: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Root: śāstra (प्रातिपदिक)

• jñātvā: having known
• Type: Verb
• Form: Kṛdanta: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), ‘having known’
• Role: Kriyā (क्रिया/पूर्वकर्म)
• Root: jñā (धातु)

• yājyaka-sambhavān: the yājyaka-born (beings/lineages)
• Type: Noun
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; tatpuruṣa: yājyakasya sambhavāḥ = ‘those born from/connected with yājyaka (sacrificial officiants/ritual context)’
• Role: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Root: yājyaka + sambhava (प्रातिपदिक)

• svayam: by oneself; oneself
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: Avyaya, emphatic adverb (स्वयम्)
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Root: svayam (अव्यय)

• sṛṣṭyām: in creation
• Type: Noun
• Form: Feminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
• Role: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Root: sṛṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)

• smṛtiḥ: memory/tradition
• Type: Noun
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
• Role: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Root: smṛti (प्रातिपदिक)

• labdhā: was obtained
• Type: Verb
• Form: Kṛdanta: Past passive participle (क्त), Feminine, Nominative, Singular; agrees with smṛtiḥ
• Role: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Root: labh (धातु)

• putrāṇām: of the sons
• Type: Noun
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)

• brahmaṇā: by Brahmā
• Type: Noun
• Form: Masculine/Neuter (here masculine ‘Brahmā’), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
• Role: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)

• tataḥ: then/thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: Avyaya, adverb (ततः)
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)

• param: supreme
• Type: Adjective
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; used substantively with nirvāṇam
• Role: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)

• nirvāṇam: liberation; nirvāṇa
• Type: Noun
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
• Role: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Root: nirvāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)

• āpannāḥ: having attained
• Type: Verb
• Form: Kṛdanta: Past active participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; ‘having attained’
• Role: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Root: āp (धातु)

• te: they
• Type: Noun
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine, Nominative (1st), Plural
• Role: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• api: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: Avyaya, particle (निपात)
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Root: api (अव्यय)

• jñānena: by knowledge
• Type: Noun
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
• Role: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Root: jñāna (प्रातिपदिक)

• eva: indeed/only
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: Avyaya, emphatic particle (अवधारण)
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Root: eva (अव्यय)

• ca: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Form: Avyaya, conjunction (समुच्चय)
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
• Root: ca (अव्यय)

Sandhi Notes

• ṛṣi-stutaiḥ treated as tatpuruṣa compound
• te ’pi = te + api (sandhi: e + a → ’a)

Speaker and setting

Shanta and Adbhuta rasaSetting: Cosmic process

Speaker

Varāha

The teaching

Kind of teaching

Mokṣa-śāstra (jñāna-supremacy with ritual as support)

Subjects

CosmologyPhilosophy of LiberationEpistemology (Knowledge and Memory/Smṛti)

Core idea

Śāstra, praised by ṛṣis and rooted in yajña-order, becomes known; smṛti arises within creation; through Brahmā it is transmitted; liberation is attained by knowledge alone (jñānena eva).

In practice

Use ritual and disciplined life to purify and stabilize memory/attention; then pursue śāstra-vicāra and direct knowledge (ātma-jñāna) as the decisive means to liberation.

Symbolism of the boar

Cross references

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Sanskrit
• Vaishnavism
• Mokṣa-śāstra

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It reflects a Purāṇic synthesis where liberation is framed through jñāna (knowledge) and the transmission of smṛti (recollective tradition), linking cosmological origins (Brahmā, creation) with soteriology (nirvāṇa).

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific geographic toponym appears in this verse; the focus is doctrinal (knowledge, memory, liberation) rather than sacred geography.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse foregrounds disciplined understanding (jñāna) as the decisive means toward the highest cessation/liberation (nirvāṇa), emphasizing intellectual and contemplative cultivation over external markers.