Rig Veda 7.85.4: Mandala 7, Sukta 85, Mantra 4

Sukta 7.85

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha

Devata: Indra–Varuṇa / Ādityas (addressed as law-powers)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

स सुक्रतुॠतचिदस्तु होता य आदित्य शवसा वां नमस्वान् । आववर्तदवसे वां हविष्मानसदित्स सुविताय प्रयस्वान् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 7.85.4

Transliteration

sá su-krátur ṛta-cíd astu hóta yá ādityā śávasā vāṃ námasvān | āvavártat ávase vāṃ havíṣmān ásad ít sá suvitā́ya práyasvān ||

Translation

Jo pujari accha kaam karta hai aur sach samajhta hai, woh aage badhe. Jo Aditya hain, unke aage jhuk ke namaz padhe. Hawan lekar wapas aaye madad ke liye. Sahi raaste par chale aur aage badhta rahe.

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Word by Word

• सः: he (that one)
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सु-क्रतुः: of good resolve / wise
• सु-क्रतुः: Kartā (apposition to सः)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: क्रतु (प्रातिपदिक); उपसर्गः सु-

• ऋत-चित्: even according to ṛta / even truly
• ऋत-चित्: (qualifier)
• Type: Indeclinable particle + nominal base
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक) + चित् (निपात/अव्यय ‘even’)

• अस्तु: let (him) be
• अस्तु: (verbal predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• होता: the Hotṛ-priest / invoker
• होता: Kartā (predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ (प्रातिपदिक; √हु ‘to sacrifice/invoke’)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• आदित्य: O Āditya
• आदित्य: (addressed)
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: आदित्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• शवसा: with strength / by might
• शवसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: शवस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वाम्: you two (to/for you two)
• वाम्: Karma (object of नमस्वान्) / or Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नमस्वान्: reverent / bearing homage
• नमस्वान्: Kartā (of implied act of reverence)
• Type: Adjective (possessive) used as noun
• Root: नमस् (प्रातिपदिक) + वत् (तद्धित) → नमस्वत्

• आ-ववर्तत्: has turned/has come (towards)
• आ-ववर्तत्: (verbal predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृत्/√वर्त् (to turn/roll, to come round) with उपसर्ग आ-

• अवसे: for help / for protection
• अवसे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वाम्: for you two
• वाम्: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• हविष्मान्: possessing oblation / the offerer
• हविष्मान्: Kartā (apposition to subject)
• Type: Adjective (possessive) used as noun
• Root: हविस् (प्रातिपदिक) + मतुप् (मन्) → हविष्मत्

• असत्: was / came to be
• असत्: (verbal predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• इत्: indeed / just
• इत्: (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सुविताय: for good passage / welfare
• सुविताय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुवित (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रयस्वान्: bringing refreshment / rich in offerings
• प्रयस्वान्: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Adjective (possessive) used as noun
• Root: प्रयस् (प्रातिपदिक ‘refreshment/abundance’) + वत् (तद्धित) → प्रयस्वत्