Rig Veda 7.84.2: Mandala 7, Sukta 84, Mantra 2
Sukta 7.84
- Rishi
- Vasiṣṭha
- Devata
- Indra–Varuṇa
- Chandas
- Triṣṭubh
- Rasa
- Shanta (peace) and Vira (heroism)
युवो राष्ट्रं बृहदिन्वति द्यौर्यौ सेतृभिररज्जुभिः सिनीथः । परि नो हेळो वरुणस्य वृज्या उरुं न इन्द्रः कृणवदु लोकम् ॥
yuvó rāṣṭráṃ bṛhád ínvati dyáur yau setṛ́bhir arajjúbhiḥ sinī́thaḥ | párí no héḷo váruṇasya vṛjyā urúṃ na índraḥ kṛṇavad u lokám ||
Aapka bada raajya aasmaan khud chalata hai. Aap rassiyon aur pulon se sab ko baandhte hain. Humein Varun ke gusse se azaad kar do. Indra humare liye rehne ke liye khula jagah bana de.
Word by Word
- युवोः
- of you twoPronounषष्ठी-द्विवचनम् (genitive dual)Role सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)Root युव (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
- राष्ट्रम्
- realm, dominionNounनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम्Role कर्म (of इन्भति) / or विषयRoot राष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक)
- बृहद्
- great, vastAdjectiveनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (राष्ट्रम्-विशेषणम्)Role विशेषणRoot बृहन्त् (प्रातिपदिक)
- इन्वति
- impels, makes thriveVerbलट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचनम्, परस्मैपदम्Role क्रियाRoot इन्/इन्व् (धातु; Vedic: ‘to set in motion, impel, strengthen’)
- द्यौः
- Heaven (Sky)Nounस्त्रीलिङ्ग (वैदिक), प्रथमा-एकवचनम्Role कर्तृRoot द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)
- यौ
- who (you two)Pronounप्रथमा-द्विवचनम् (relative pronoun)Role कर्तृ (correlative with implied ‘you two’)Root यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
- सेतृभिः
- with binders/fastenersNounपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-बहुवचनम्Role करणRoot सेतृ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √सि/से ‘to bind/fasten’ > ‘binder/fastener’; Vedic agent noun)
- अरज्जुभिः
- with (things) without ropes / rope-less (means)Nounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-बहुवचनम्Role करणRoot रज्जु (प्रातिपदिक) + अ- (नञ्/प्रत्ययात्मक-पूर्वपद; ‘without’)
- सिनीथः
- a binding/fastening (support)Nounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्Role कर्तृ/विधेय (apposition/explanatory)Root सिनीथ (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic: ‘binding, fastening; band/cord; also ‘support/aid’ by binding)
- परि
- around; away fromIndeclinableअव्ययRole क्रियाविशेषणRoot परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
- नः
- for us / ourPronounषष्ठी/चतुर्थी-बहुवचनम् (enclitic ‘our/to us’)Role सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (contextual)Root अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
- हेळः
- wrath, angerNounनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम्Role कर्म (of वृज्या/वृञ्ज्या)Root हेळ (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic: ‘wrath, anger, offence’)
- वरुणस्य
- of VaruṇaNounपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचनम्Role सम्बन्धRoot वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
- वृज्या
- warding off, removalNounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्Role कर्तृ (as the act/means of warding off) / or विधेयRoot वृज्या/वृञ्ज्या (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic abstract/action noun from √वृज्/वृञ्ज् ‘to turn away, remove, ward off’)
- उरुम्
- wide, broadAdjectiveपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (लोकम्-विशेषणम्)Role विशेषणRoot उरु (प्रातिपदिक)
- नः
- for usPronounचतुर्थी-बहुवचनम् (enclitic)Role सम्प्रदानRoot अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
- इन्द्रः
- IndraNounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्Role कर्तृRoot इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
- कृणवत्
- may he makeVerbलोट् (वैदिक आज्ञार्थ/विधिलिङ्-सदृश), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचनम्, परस्मैपदम्Role क्रियाRoot √कृ (धातु)
- उ
- indeedIndeclinableअव्ययRole निपात (emphasis)Root उ (निपात/अव्यय; emphatic/asseverative)
- लोकम्
- space, world, free placeNounपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचनम्Role कर्मRoot लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Sandhi Notes
- Resolved/normalized padas (with Vedic sandhi undone where applicable): युवोः | राष्ट्रम् | बृहद् | इन्वति | द्यौः | यौ | सेतृभिः | अ-रज्जुभिः | सिनीथः | परि | नः | हेळः | वरुणस्य | वृज्या (≈ वृञ्ज्या, Vedic variant) | उरुम् | नः | इन्द्रः | कृणवत् | उ | लोकम्. Notes: (1) द्यौर्यौ → द्यौः + यौ (visarga before y). (2) सेतृभिररज्जुभिः → सेतृभिः + अरज्जुभिः (final -ः before vowel). (3) अरज्जुभिः analyzed as a- (privative) + रज्जुभिः. (4) कृणवदु in the saṃhitā reflects sandhi/orthography
- pada taken as कृणवत् + उ (enclitic/emphatic particle)
The meaning
Outer meaning
Indra and Varuṇa possess a vast sovereignty upheld by Heaven; they bind and establish it with spanning cords/bridges. The singer asks that Varuṇa’s wrath/pressure be removed and that Indra make a wide space for dwelling.
Inner meaning
The ‘wide kingdom’ is the inner realm of ordered consciousness. Varuṇa is the power of ṛta (law, right measure) that binds the being with ‘cords’—disciplines, limits, truth-constraints—so the inner life does not fall into disorder. When the soul feels oppressed by the weight of conscience, karmic recoil, or the stern demand of truth (Varuṇa’s heḷaḥ), it prays for release from punitive pressure, not from the law itself. Indra then widens the field: he breaks constriction, gives luminous space, courage, and a freer movement of the mind and life-force so the sacrifice can proceed.
Universal truth
True freedom is not the rejection of law but liberation through alignment with a higher order. Discipline (Varuṇa) establishes integrity; illumination and courage (Indra) create spaciousness. Together they convert guilt, fear, and inner tightness into truth-aligned breadth of being.
Themes
law and liberation, removal of constriction, creation of inner space
The seer
- Rishi
- Vasiṣṭha
- Lineage
- Vasiṣṭha (Maitrāvaruṇa lineage)
- Other hymns
- RV 7.82, RV 7.83, RV 7.85, RV 7.86, RV 7.88
Family tradition
Vasiṣṭhas are pre-eminent seers of Varuṇa’s ṛta and of the harmonizing alliance of law (Varuṇa) and power (Indra). Their hymns often move from confession/constraint to release and wideness.
Significance
As a seer of inner order, Vasiṣṭha gives a psychology of spiritual progress: accept the truth-demand (Varuṇa), then invoke the widening light-force (Indra) to transform constriction into free, luminous action.
The deity
- Devata
- Indra–Varuṇa
- Epithets
- uru (wide, expansive), āditya (solar-law principle, esp. Varuṇa), śūra (hero, esp. Indra), ṛtāvān (possessor of ṛta, implied)
- Related deities
- Mitra, Aryaman, Sūrya, Agni, Soma
Cosmic role
Varuṇa upholds ṛta and moral-cosmic order; Indra conquers obstruction and releases the waters/lights, creating room for life and thought.
Inner power
Varuṇa: truth-binding conscience, purity, exactness, right measure. Indra: illumined mind-force that breaks inner resistance and establishes wideness and confidence.
In ritual
Where it is used
Indra–Varuṇa Śastra/Stotra contexts within Soma rites (general application; exact śrauta placement varies by recension).
यु॒वो रा॒ष्ट्रं बृ॒हदि॑न्वति॒ द्यौर्यौ से॒तृभि॑रर॒ज्जुभि॑: सिनी॒थः । परि॑ नो॒ हेळो॒ वरु॑णस्य वृज्या उ॒रुं न॒ इन्द्र॑: कृणवदु लो॒कम् ॥
यु॒वः । रा॒ष्ट्रम् । बृ॒हत् । इ॒न्व॒ति॒ । द्यौः । यौ । से॒तृऽभिः॑ । अ॒र॒ज्जुऽभिः॑ । सि॒नी॒थः । परि॑ । नः॒ । हेळः॑ । वरु॑णस्य । वृ॒ज्याः॒ । उ॒रुम् । नः॒ । इन्द्रः॑ । कृ॒ण॒व॒त् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । लो॒कम् ॥
yuvaḥ | rāṣṭram | bṛhat | invati | dyauḥ | yau | setṛ-bhiḥ | arajju-bhiḥ | sinīthaḥ | pari | naḥ | heḷaḥ | varuṇasya | vṛjyāḥ | urum | naḥ | indraḥ | kṛṇavat | oṃ iti | lokam
44
4 pādas × ~11 syllables
Firm, forward-driving, suited to invocation and decisive petition.
Builds a sense of pressure-to-release: the cadence first establishes order/binding, then opens into ‘uruṃ lokam’ as an audible widening.
- rāṣṭra
- Literal: kingdom, sovereignty, realm. Symbolic: the organized inner domain of consciousness; a stable spiritual governance
- dyauḥ
- Literal: Heaven/sky. Symbolic: higher mind, luminous plane that supports the inner order
- setṛbhiḥ
- Literal: with bridges/causes of crossing. Symbolic: means of passage between lower and higher nature; inner transitions (sādhana-steps)
- arajjubhiḥ
- Literal: with cords/ropes. Symbolic: bonds of ṛta: self-restraint, truth-binding disciplines that hold the being together
- heḷaḥ
- Literal: wrath, anger, punitive pressure. Symbolic: the felt pressure of violated truth; moral/spiritual recoil that constricts the being
- uruṃ lokam
- Literal: broad space/world. Symbolic: wide inner field for action and contemplation; liberated consciousness-space
Protective prayer within Soma rites; removal of Varuṇa’s constriction and creation of ‘uru loka’ (wide field)
During Soma offerings and praise-sequences invoking protection, order, and victory over obstacles.
Recitation/chant with offering (āhuti) and mental ‘setting in order’ of the sacrifice.
Use as a mantra for relief from inner constriction (fear, guilt, anxiety) while recommitting to truth and ethical clarity; end with a contemplation of ‘broad space’ (uruṃ loka).
rāṣṭrá- from √rāj 'to rule, shine' → ordered dominion; bṛhád from √bṛh 'to grow, expand'; √inv 'impel' (Vedic) related to energizing motion; setú 'bridge' from √si 'bind'? (semantic: spanning); rajjú 'rope' (binding image of Varuṇa); héḷa- 'anger/pressure' (often Varuṇa’s punitive aspect when ṛta is violated); vṛjyāḥ optative/passive wish from √vṛj 'remove, cleanse'; loká- from √lok 'see' → 'open space visible/available' hence 'world/space'.
Ṛta and its sanction (Varuṇa’s heḷa), spaciousness (uru loka) as inner freedom
Explicit: Varuṇa’s domain is ṛta; the ‘cords’ and ‘bridges’ figure the binding structure of order.
Prayer to remove punitive pressure implies restoration to truth, not escape from it.
Widening of ‘loka’ as a re-creation of inner world-space after obstruction is removed.
Proto-Vedāntic/Integral (Aurobindo-style) reading: transformation through law + illumination; not dualistic rejection.
Heaven = higher mind; cords/bridges = disciplines and connecting passages; broad space = widened consciousness enabling right action.
- What is the primary Vedic 'mythologem' present in this verse?
- The paired mythic functions of binding and widening: Varuṇa’s cords uphold cosmic law, while Indra opens the 'wide space' after the removal of constriction. It is the archetype of liberation through right order—freedom is not chaos but a law-aligned wideness.
- How does the linguistic structure reflect Proto-Indo-European roots?
- √kṛ 'make' continues PIE *kwer-/*ker- 'do, make' (broad IE productivity). bṛhat from √bṛh aligns with PIE *bʰerǵʰ- 'rise, high' (semantic proximity). rāj vocabulary continues PIE *h₃reǵ- 'rule'.
- What is the relationship between the Rishi and the Devata here?
- The r̥ṣi seeks an inner polity (rāṣṭra) governed by divine law but freed from punitive pressure: he asks Varuṇa’s constriction to be lifted and Indra’s expansive force to establish a workable inner world (loka) for right action.
Reconcile truth-discipline with inner freedom: feel Varuṇa as the clear law in the heart, Indra as widening light in the head.
Anāhata–Ājñā axis (law in heart, illumination in mind)
Slow exhale on ‘pari no heḷo…’ (release), fuller inhale on ‘uruṃ na indraḥ… lokam’ (widen).
From contracted self-sense to spacious, truth-aligned poise.
1) Recall a place of inner tightness. 2) Offer it to the law of truth (Varuṇa) without self-condemnation. 3) Invoke Indra to widen the mental sky; rest in the felt ‘broad space’ before acting.
Use Vedic tri-svara (udātta/anudātta/svarita) as per śākhā tradition; not fully inferable from plain text here.
Keep natural word-grouping: (yuvo rāṣṭram… sinīthaḥ) || (pari no heḷo… uruṃ… lokam). Emphasize ‘heḷaḥ’ (release-point) and ‘uruṃ lokam’ (expansion-point).
yuvo (yú-vo), not ‘yūvo’, rāṣṭram: retroflex ṣṭ (rāṣ-ṭram), setṛbhiḥ: clear ṛ (se-tṛ-bhiḥ), arajjubhiḥ: double j (a-raj-ju-bhiḥ), heḷaḥ: ḷ is retroflex lateral (he-ḷaḥ), vṛjyāḥ: vṛj-yāḥ, keep vṛ as one unit
Steady, grave, ending with an open, resonant lift on ‘uruṃ… lokam’.
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