Rig Veda 4.48.2: Mandala 4, Sukta 48, Mantra 2

Sukta 4.48

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional)

Devata: Vāyu (with Indra as guiding power)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh/Jagatī (probable; requires confirmation)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

निर्युवाणो अशस्तीर्नियुत्वाँ इन्द्रसारथिः । वायवा चन्द्रेण रथेन याहि सुतस्य पीतये ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 4.48.2

Transliteration

nír-yuvāṇó áśastīr niyútvāṃ índra-sārathiḥ | vāyavā candréṇa ráthena yā́hi sutásya pītáye ||

Translation

Jhoothi baatein door karo. Sahi tarike se jud ke, Indra jo rath chala raha hai, uske saath aao. Vayu, apna chamakta hua rath lekar aao. Soma peene ke liye aao.

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Word by Word

• निर्: out, forth (as a preverb)
• निर्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: निस् (उपसर्ग) → निः/निर्

• युवाणः: young, youthful
• युवाणः: Kartā (इन्द्रसारथिः का विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युवन् (प्रातिपदिक) / यु (युज्) से व्युत्पन्न ‘युवा’

• अशस्तीः: (un)praised ones; lack of praises / non-hymns
• अशस्तीः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ-शस्ति (प्रातिपदिक) < शंस्/शस् ‘to praise’ → शस्ति ‘praise’

• नियुत्वान्: having a yoked team; with paired steeds
• नियुत्वान्: Kartā (इन्द्रसारथिः का विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नियुत्वन्त् (प्रातिपदिक) < नियुत् ‘yoked team, pair (of horses)’

• इन्द्रसारथिः: Indra’s charioteer (i.e., Vāyu)
• इन्द्रसारथिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र-सारथि (समास; सारथि < √सृ/सर् ‘to go’ → ‘driver’)

• वायवा: O Vāyu
• वायवा: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायु (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• चन्द्रेण: with the shining/bright (one)
• चन्द्रेण: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: चन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• रथेन: with the chariot
• रथेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• याहि: come/go
• याहि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (to go)

• सुतस्य: of the pressed Soma
• सुतस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (ppp/kṛdanta from √सु ‘to press (Soma)’)

• पीतये: for drinking
• पीतये: Sampradāna (purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पीति (प्रातिपदिक) < √पा ‘to drink’