Rig Veda 3.40.4: Mandala 3, Sukta 40, Mantra 4
Sukta 3.40
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify per critical edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
इन्द्र सोमाः सुता इमे तव प्र यन्ति सत्पते । क्षयं चन्द्रास इन्दवः ॥
Transliteration
índra sómāḥ sutā́ imé táva prá yanti sat-pate | kṣáyaṃ candrā́sa índavaḥ ||
Translation
Indra, yeh Som ras tere liye nikala hai. Yeh sab tere paas aa rahe hain. Yeh chamakdar boondein tere ghar ki taraf ja rahi hain. Jaise chandni raat mein roshni hoti hai, waise hi yeh ras tujhe khushi denge.
Word by Word
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन (addressed)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सोमाःSoma-juices
सोमाः:
कर्तृ (of ‘प्र यन्ति’)
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
सुताःpressed, extracted
सुताः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective (past passive participle used adjectivally)
Root√सु (सु- ‘to press, extract’) → सुत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
इमेthese
इमे:
कर्तृ-निर्देशक
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तवof/for you
तव:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
क्रियाविशेषण (direction/intensity)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यन्तिgo, proceed
यन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√या (to go)
सत्पतेO lord of the good / true lord
सत्पते:
सम्बोधन (addressed)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootसत् + पति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘true/virtuous’ + ‘lord’)
क्षयम्dwelling, abode
क्षयम्:
कर्म (goal/object of motion: ‘towards the dwelling’)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय (प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
समुच्चय (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
चन्द्रासःbright, shining
चन्द्रासः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootचन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bright, shining’)
इन्दवःSoma-drops
इन्दवः:
कर्तृ (elliptically continuing ‘यन्ति’)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्दु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘drop’, esp. Soma-drop)
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