Rig Veda 3.31.3: Mandala 3, Sukta 31, Mantra 3

Sukta 3.31

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (Kauśika) (traditional circle attribution)

Devata: Agni (with an Indra-epithet appearing as allied power)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अग्निर्जज्ञे जुह्वा रेजमानो महस्पुत्राँ अरुषस्य प्रयक्षे । महान्गर्भो मह्या जातमेषां मही प्रवृद्धर्यश्वस्य यज्ञैः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 3.31.3

Transliteration

agnír jajñe juhvā́ rejámāno mahás putrā́n aruṣásya prá-yakṣe | mahā́n gárbho mahyā́ jātám eṣāṃ mahī́ prá-vṛddh haryaśvásya yajñáiḥ ||

Translation

Agni paida hua, juhle par chamak raha hai. Yeh badi yagya ke liye hai, lal wale ke bete. Ek badi garbh hai, unke liye paida hua. Bada growth hota hai unki yagya se, bhure ghode wali shakti ki.

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Word by Word

• अग्निः: Agni (the fire-god)
• अग्निः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• जज्ञे: was born / has been born
• जज्ञे: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (जनि)

• जुह्वा: with the ladle (sacrificial spoon)
• जुह्वा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: जुहू- (प्रातिपदिक)

• रेजमानः: shining, blazing
• रेजमानः: कर्तृ (अग्नि-विशेषण)
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: √रेज्

• महः: of the great one / of greatness
• महः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महत्/महस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• पुत्रान्: sons
• पुत्रान्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अरुषस्य: of the ruddy one (Arusha)
• अरुषस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अरुष- (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रयक्षे: has worshipped / has sacrificed
• प्रयक्षे: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √यज्

• महान्: great
• महान्: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• गर्भः: embryo, womb-child
• गर्भः: कर्तृ (अग्नि-सम्बन्धी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गर्भ- (प्रातिपदिक)

• मह्या: of the great (earth/queen)
• मह्या: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मही- (प्रातिपदिक)

• जातम्: born
• जातम्: (अग्नि-विशेषण/विधेय)
• Type: Past participle
• Root: √जन्

• एषाम्: of these
• एषाम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मही: great
• मही: कर्तृ-विशेषण/विधेय
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: मही- (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रवृद्धा: grown strong, increased
• प्रवृद्धा: कर्तृ-विशेषण (मही-विशेषण)
• Type: Past participle (Adjective)
• Root: √वृध्

• र्यश्वस्य: of Ryashva (a patron/descendant)
• र्यश्वस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun (proper/epithet)
• Root: र्यश्व- (प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञैः: by/with sacrifices
• यज्ञैः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ- (प्रातिपदिक)