Rig Veda 2.34.3: Mandala 2, Sukta 34, Mantra 3

Sukta 2.34

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (traditional)

Devata: Maruts

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उक्षन्ते अश्वाँ अत्याँ इवाजिषु नदस्य कर्णैस्तुरयन्त आशुभिः । हिरण्यशिप्रा मरुतो दविध्वतः पृक्षं याथ पृषतीभिः समन्यवः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 2.34.3

Transliteration

ukṣánte aśvā́n atyā́n ivā́jiṣu nadásya kárṇais turayanta āśúbhiḥ | híraṇya-śiprā maruto dáv idhvataḥ pṛkṣáṃ yātha pṛ́ṣatībhiḥ sa-manyavaḥ ||

Translation

Marut devta apne ghodon ko race mein daudne wale ghodon ki tarah bhagate hain. Unke ghode tezi se aage badhte hain. Marut devta sone jaisi chamak wale hain aur unmein taakat ka ubaal hai. Woh chitkabre ghodon par sawar hain aur sab milkar ek hi kaam ke liye taiyaar hain.

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Word by Word

• उक्षन्ते: they sprinkle/they pour forth
• उक्षन्ते: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उक्ष् (वर्षणे/सिञ्चने)

• अश्वान्: horses
• अश्वान्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• अत्यान्: swift steeds
• अत्यान्: कर्म (अश्वान् इति विशेषण/समन्वयः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अत्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘swift/steed’)

• इव: like
• इव: (सम्बन्ध/उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• अजिषु: in races/contests
• अजिषु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अजि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘race/contest’)

• नदस्य: of the roaring (one)
• नदस्य: सम्बन्ध (कर्णैः इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नद (प्रातिपदिक; ‘roar/stream’)

• कर्णैः: with (their) ears
• कर्णैः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)

• तुरयन्ते: they hasten/they speed on
• तुरयन्ते: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तुर् (शीघ्रीकरणे/प्रेरणे)

• आशुभिः: with the swift (ones)/swiftly
• आशुभिः: करण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आशु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘swift’)

• हिरण्यशिप्राः: golden-jawed
• हिरण्यशिप्राः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हिरण्य-शिप्र (बहुव्रीहि-प्रातिपदिक; ‘golden-jawed/with golden cheek-pieces’)

• मरुतः: the Maruts
• मरुतः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• दविध्वतः: shaking/brandishing (their weapons)
• दविध्वतः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Participle
• Root: दविध्वत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; intensive/iterative sense from √धू/धुन् ‘to shake’ as used in RV: ‘shaking, brandishing’)

• पृक्षम्: refreshment/sprinkling (draught)
• पृक्षम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘sprinkling/mixture; refreshment’ RV usage)

• याथ: you have gone/you go
• याथ: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (गत्यर्थे)

• पृषतीभिः: with the spotted (does/mares)
• पृषतीभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृषती (प्रातिपदिक; ‘spotted doe/antelope’; also ‘spotted mares’ in RV imagery)

• समन्यवः: of one accord in fury/with united ardor
• समन्यवः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समन्यु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having the same wrath/impulse’; bahuvrīhi)