Rig Veda 10.19.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 19, Mantra 2
Sukta 10.19
Rishi: As RV 10.19 complex; verify anukramaṇī for precise attribution.
Devata: Indra and Agni (functional invocation within a restorative formula).
Chandas: Likely Anuṣṭubh (short, imperative-rich); verify by syllable count.
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
पुनरेना नि वर्तय पुनरेना न्या कुरु । इन्द्र एणा नि यच्छत्वग्निरेना उपाजतु ॥
Transliteration
púnar enā ní vartaya púnar enā níyā́ kuru | índra enā ní yacchatv agnír enā upā́jatu ||
Translation
In cheezon ko wapas lao aur sahi jagah par rakh do. Indra unhe wapas roke aur Agni unhe phir se paas laye.
Word by Word
पुनःagain, back
पुनः:
Adhikaraṇa (temporal: ‘again’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनर् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *pen-/*pun- (again/back)
एनाby/with this
एना:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootएना (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; instr. sg. of एतद्/इदम् in Vedic usage)
निdown, back; (as preverb) back/into
नि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
वर्तयturn back!, bring back!
वर्तय:
Kriyā (addressed action)
TypeVerb
Root√वृत्/√वर्त् (वर्तते/वर्तयति) ‘to turn, set in motion’
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Adhikaraṇa (temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनर् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
एनाby/with this
एना:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootएना (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; instr. sg.)
न्य्down/back (as preverb)
न्य्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग) + य् (sandhi remnant before vowel)
आtowards, unto; (as preverb) back/again, fully
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
कुरुdo!, make!
कुरु:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करोति) ‘to do, make’
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (देवनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
एनाby/with this
एना:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootएना (instr. sg.)
निdown, back; (as preverb) restrainingly
नि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यच्छतुlet him restrain/hold back
यच्छतु:
Kriyā (with Indra as kartā)
TypeVerb
Root√यम् (यच्छति) ‘to hold, restrain, check’
अग्निःAgni
अग्निः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (देवनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
एनाby/with this
एना:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootएना (instr. sg.)
उपtowards, near; (as preverb) up to
उप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
आजतुlet him drive/bring (hither)
आजतु:
Kriyā (with Agni as kartā)
TypeVerb
Root√अज् (अजति) ‘to drive, lead, bring’
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