Valmiki Ramayana 2.72.19: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 72, Shloka 19

भरतस्य मातृसदनगमनं कैकेय्या दारुणवृत्तान्तकथनं च

Bharata in Kaikeyi’s apartments: revelation of Daśaratha’s death and Rāma’s exile

Devanagari script

एतत्सुरुचिरं भाति पितुर्मे शयनं पुरा।शशिनेवामलं रात्रौ गगनं तोयदात्यये।।2.72.19।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.72.19

Transliteration

etat suruciraṃ bhāti pitur me śayanaṃ purā | śaśinevāmalaṃ rātrau gaganaṃ toyadātyaye || 2.72.19 ||

Translation

મારા પિતાનું આ શયન પહેલાં અતિ મનોહર તેજથી ઝળહળતું હતું—જેમ વરસાદી વાદળો વિખેરાયા પછી રાત્રે ચંદ્રપ્રકાશે નિર્મળ આકાશ ઝળકે.

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Word by Word

• etat: this
• etat: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• suruciram: very lovely
• suruciram: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su-rucira (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound: su + rucira; Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; qualifying "etat/śayanam"

• bhāti: shines/appears radiant
• bhāti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhā (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ (लट्) Present; 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; Parasmaipada

• pituḥ: of (my) father
• pituḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• me: my
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (enclitic)

• śayanam: bed/couch
• śayanam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śayana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; apposition to "etat"

• purā: formerly
• purā: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: purā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक अव्यय)

• śaśinā: by the moon
• śaśinā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaśin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular

• iva: as if/like
• iva: Upamāna-marker (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Comparative particle (उपमा-वाचक अव्यय)

• amalam: spotless/clear
• amalam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: amala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; qualifying "gaganam"

• rātrau: at night
• rātrau: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rātri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

• gaganam: sky
• gaganam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gagana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• toyadātyaye: at the end of the rainy season
• toyadātyaye: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: toya-dātyaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound: toya (water/rain) + dātyaya (cessation/end); Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; time circumstance

Context

On seeing her son, who was sent away, presently arriving, the delighted Kaikeyi sprang up from her golden seat.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Daśaratha
• moon
• sky

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Remembering the worth of elders is part of dharma; reverent memory (smṛti) reinforces gratitude and filial responsibility.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata, grieving, recalls how his father’s couch used to appear when Daśaratha was alive.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reverence and gratitude toward one’s father, expressed through tender remembrance.