Valmiki Ramayana 2.16.4: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 16, Shloka 4

सुमन्त्रदर्शनम् तथा रामस्य राजदर्शनाय प्रस्थानम्

Sumantra Meets Rama; Rama Departs to See the King

Devanagari script

ते समीक्ष्य समायान्तं रामप्रियचिकीर्षवः।सहसोत्पतितास्सर्वे स्वासनेभ्यस्ससम्भ्रमाः।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.16.4

Transliteration

te samīkṣya samāyāntaṃ rāmapriyacikīrṣavaḥ |

sahasotpatitāḥ sarve svāsanebhyaḥ sasambhramāḥ ||

Translation

સુમંત્રને આવતાં જોઈ, રામનું કલ્યાણ ઇચ્છનાર સૌ જણ ઉત્સાહભેર, ગભરાટ સાથે, પોતાના આસનોથી એકાએक ઊભા થઈ ગયા.

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Word by Word

• tān: to them
• tān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; pronoun

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• vinīta-ātmā: humble-minded
• vinīta-ātmā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vinīta + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; bahuvrīhi: 'one whose self is disciplined/humble'

• sūta-putraḥ: son of a charioteer
• sūta-putraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūta + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; tatpuruṣa: 'son of a charioteer' (epithet)

• pradakṣiṇaḥ: very courteous
• pradakṣiṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pradakṣiṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; 'courteous/respectful'

• kṣipram: quickly
• kṣipram: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kṣipram (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (शीघ्रार्थक)

• ākhyāta: inform (you all)
• ākhyāta: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā + √khyā (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada

• rāmāya: to Rama
• rāmāya: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular

• sumantraḥ: Sumantra
• sumantraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sumantra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (proper noun)

• dvāri: at the door
• dvāri: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvār (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

• tiṣṭhati: is standing/waiting
• tiṣṭhati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √sthā (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

Context

Women with faultless limbs standing on their housetops as well as on the ground paid their homage with charming words in order to propitiate Rama.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Sumantra

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Respectful conduct toward elders and royal messengers, and prompt support for the righteous (here, goodwill toward Rama), are shown as socially dharmic behavior.

What is the narrative situation?

In Ayodhya, as Sumantra approaches, Rama’s supporters react immediately, rising from their seats to receive him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Loyalty and readiness to serve Rama’s rightful welfare, expressed through courteous and prompt action.