Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 15, Shloka 41

अभिषेकसज्जा तथा सुमन्त्रस्य प्रेषणम्

Coronation Preparations and Sumantra’s Commission

Devanagari script

स वाजियुक्तेन रथेन सारथिःनराकुलं राजकुलं विराजयन्।वरूथिना रामगृहाभिपातिना पुरस्य सर्वस्य मनांसि हर्षयन्।।2.15.41।।

Transliteration

sa vājiyuktena rathena sārathiḥ

narākulaṃ rājakulaṃ virājayan |

varūthinā rāmagṛhābhipātinā

purasya sarvasya manāṃsi harṣayan || 2.15.41 ||

Translation

ઘોડાઓ જોડાયેલા રથ પર બેઠેલો તે સારથિ, રથના રક્ષણકવચ સાથે રામના ગૃહ તરફ ધસી જતો, જનસમૂહથી ભરેલા રાજકુલમાં શોભા વધારતો અને સમગ્ર નગરના હૃદયોમાં હર્ષ જગાવતો આગળ વધ્યો.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• वाजि-युक्तेन: with (a chariot) harnessed with horses
• वाजि-युक्तेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वाजिन् (प्रातिपदिक) + युक्त (कृदन्त; √युज् + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine/Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुष: 'वाजिभिः युक्त' (harnessed with horses)

• रथेन: by/with a chariot
• रथेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• सारथिः: the charioteer
• सारथिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सारथि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• नर-आकुलम्: crowded with people
• नर-आकुलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक) + आकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुष: 'नरैः आकुलम्' (crowded with men)

• राज-कुलम्: the royal palace
• राज-कुलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक) + कुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुष: 'राज्ञः कुलम्' (royal household/palace)

• विराजयन्: making (it) shine/adorning
• विराजयन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-√राज् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; परस्मैपदी

• वरूथिना: with a protective fender/guard
• वरूथिना: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरूथिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• राम-गृह-अभिपातिना: heading toward Rama's palace
• राम-गृह-अभिपातिना: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक) + गृह (प्रातिपदिक) + अभिपातिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुष: 'रामस्य गृहं अभिपतति/अभिगच्छति' (going toward Rama's house)

• पुरस्य: of the city
• पुरस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• सर्वस्य: of all
• सर्वस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक (Masculine/Neuter), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• मनांसि: minds
• मनांसि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• हर्षयन्: delighting
• हर्षयन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हृष् (धातु) (णिच् causative: हर्षयति)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (Present active participle, causative), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

Mounted on a chariot, attached with a fender and driven by horses, the charioteeradvanced towards the royal palace of Rama delighting the minds of the people of the city.

Characters & Entities

• Sumantra
• Rama
• Ayodhya (city)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma appears as orderly public life around rightful succession: the city rejoices as official movement and preparations proceed properly, indicating confidence in a just transition.

What is the narrative situation?

Sumantra rides in a properly equipped chariot toward Rama’s residence, passing through crowded royal areas as the city’s excitement builds.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Public-spirited service (sevā) and dutiful efficiency in royal administration, embodied by Sumantra’s purposeful approach.