Valmiki Ramayana 2.111.4: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 111, Shloka 4

अयोध्याकाण्डे एकादशोत्तरशततमः सर्गः

Sarga 111: Counsel on Gurus, Parental Debt, and Bharata’s Protest

Devanagari script

सोऽहं ते पितुराचार्यस्तव चैव परन्तप।मम त्वं वचनं कुर्वन्नातिवर्तेस्सतां गतिम्।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.111.4

Transliteration

so 'haṃ te pitur ācāryas tava caiva parantapa | mama tvaṃ vacanaṃ kurvan nātivartes satāṃ gatim ||

Translation

હે પરંતપ! હું તારા પિતાનો પણ આચાર્ય છું અને તારો પણ. તું મારું વચન પાળશે તો સજ્જનોના માર્ગને લંઘીશ નહીં.

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Word by Word

• सः: that (person)
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-प्रयोग (1st person pronoun), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• ते: of you/your
• ते: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive) एकवचन (Singular) (enclitic)

• पितुः: of (your) father
• पितुः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)

• आचार्यः: teacher/preceptor
• आचार्यः: प्रेडिकेट-नाम (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आचार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• तव: of you/your
• तव: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: वाक्य-सम्बन्ध (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: वाक्य-सम्बन्ध (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपात (emphasis)

• परन्तप: O scorcher of foes
• परन्तप: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परन्तप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुष (foe-scorcher)

• मम: my
• मम: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• वचनम्: command/word
• वचनम्: कर्म (Karma/Object of कुर्वन्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• कुर्वन्: doing, carrying out
• कुर्वन्: कर्ता (Agent participle referring to त्वम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• न: not
• न: वाक्य-सम्बन्ध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात (negation)

• अतिवर्तेः: you will not/should not transgress
• अतिवर्तेः: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अति-वृत् (धातु)
• Form: लृट्/लुट्-न (here: विधिलिङ्/आशीर्लिङ्-प्रायः? actually लोट्-निषेधार्थे भविष्यदर्थ-प्रयोगः), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद; निषेधेन 'नातिवर्तेः' = 'you will not transgress/should not transgress'

• सताम्: of the virtuous
• सताम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural)

• गतिम्: path, course
• गतिम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

Context

I was preceptor to your father and also to you. O destroyer of foes, by following my words, you will not transgress the path of the virtuous.

Characters & Entities

• Vasiṣṭha
• Rāma
• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Respect for dharmic authority: the guru’s guidance is presented as a safeguard that keeps one aligned with the conduct of the virtuous (satām gati).

What is the narrative situation?

Vasiṣṭha, as royal preceptor, advises Rāma during the tense succession/exile dispute, urging him to act in a way consistent with established dharma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Humility and discipline: Rāma is urged to accept instruction and remain within the ethical boundaries honored by the righteous.