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Shloka 31

गदायुद्धप्रतिज्ञा — The Vow and Terms of the Mace Duel

यत्‌ तु कर्णमुपाश्रित्य शकुनिं चापि सौबलम्‌ । अमर्त्य इव सम्मोहात्‌ त्वमात्मानं न बुद्धवान्‌

yat tu karṇam upāśritya śakunim cāpi saubalam | amartya iva sammohāt tvam ātmānaṃ na buddhavān ||

સંજય બોલ્યો— કર્ણ અને સુબલપુત્ર શકુનિનો આશ્રય લઈને મોહવશ તું પોતાને જાણે અમર માનતો રહ્યો; પોતાની સાચી સ્થિતિ તું સમજી શક્યો નહીં।

यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कर्णम्Karna
कर्णम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपाश्रित्यhaving resorted to / relying on
उपाश्रित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-श्रि
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), क्त्वा (ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage)
शकुनिम्Shakuni
शकुनिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशकुनि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सौबलम्son of Subala (epithet of Shakuni)
सौबलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसौबल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अमर्त्यःan immortal (a god)
अमर्त्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
सम्मोहात्from delusion / due to bewilderment
सम्मोहात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसम्मोह
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
आत्मानम्yourself
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बुद्धवान्wise/aware; (one who has understood)
बुद्धवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबुद्धवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
Ś
Śakuni
S
Subala

Educational Q&A

Delusion and pride—especially the belief that one is secure or ‘invincible’ because of powerful allies—destroys discernment (buddhi) and leads to unethical action and eventual downfall.

Sañjaya characterizes Duryodhana’s earlier mindset: relying on Karṇa and Śakuni, he became arrogant and self-deceived, imagining himself beyond ordinary human vulnerability; this delusion is presented as a cause of his grievous errors in the war.