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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 18

यम उवाच । असंख्या नरका विप्र यथा प्राणिगणाः क्षितौ । कृत्स्नशः कथितुं शक्या नैववर्षशतैरपि

yama uvāca | asaṃkhyā narakā vipra yathā prāṇigaṇāḥ kṣitau | kṛtsnaśaḥ kathituṃ śakyā naivavarṣaśatairapi

Yama dit : «Les enfers sont innombrables, ô brāhmaṇa, tout comme les êtres vivants sur la terre sont innombrables. On ne saurait les décrire entièrement, même en des centaines d’années.»

यमःYama
यमः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
असंख्याःcountless
असंख्याः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootasaṃkhyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ‘नरकाः’)
नरकाःhells
नरकाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnaraka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
विप्रO brāhmaṇa
विप्र:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन
यथाas, just as
यथा:
Sambandha (Comparator/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमान/तुलनार्थक (comparative/‘as’)
प्राणिगणाःgroups of living beings
प्राणिगणाः:
Upamana (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootprāṇin-gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (प्राणिनां गणाः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
क्षितौon earth
क्षितौ:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣiti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन
कृत्स्नशःcompletely, in full
कृत्स्नशः:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkṛtsnaśas (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: wholly)
कथितुम्to describe/tell
कथितुम्:
Prayojana (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Rootकथ् (धातु) + तुमुन् (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त infinitive; अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (indeclinable verbal)
शक्याःpossible
शक्याः:
Kriya-visheshana (Predicate qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य (प्रातिपदिक; शक् धातोः यत्/ण्यत्-निष्पन्न)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (predicative: ‘possible’)
not
:
Nishedha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
एवindeed, even
एव:
Avadharana (Emphasis/अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis)
वर्षशतैःby hundreds of years
वर्षशतैः:
Karana (Instrument/means: by hundreds of years/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṣa-śata (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्विगु-समास (शतं वर्षाणि); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
अपिeven, also
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अपि-कार (even/also)

Yama (Dharmarāja)

Type: kshetra

Listener: Brāhmaṇa

Scene: Yama speaks with measured authority, gesturing to an endless horizon of shadowy realms—suggesting innumerable hells like countless beings on earth; the brāhmaṇa listens, humbled by the scale.

Y
Yama
N
Naraka
B
Brāhmaṇa

FAQs

Karmic outcomes are vast and varied; the tradition stresses ethical vigilance rather than curiosity alone.

No specific tīrtha is mentioned in this verse.

None; it frames the scope of the teaching.