Next Verse

Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 1

भर्तृयज्ञ उवाच । यतः सपिंडता प्रोक्ता पितृपिण्डैः समंततः । यावत्सपिण्डता नैव तावत्प्रेतः स तिष्ठति

bhartṛyajña uvāca | yataḥ sapiṃḍatā proktā pitṛpiṇḍaiḥ samaṃtataḥ | yāvatsapiṇḍatā naiva tāvatpretaḥ sa tiṣṭhati

Bhartṛyajña dit : Puisque la sapiṇḍatā est proclamée comme l’union, de toutes parts, avec les piṇḍa des ancêtres, tant que la sapiṇḍatā n’a pas eu lieu, cet être demeure dans l’état de preta.

भर्तृयज्ञःBhartṛyajña (name)
भर्तृयज्ञः:
Karta (Speaker/वक्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक) + यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (भर्तुः यज्ञः/भर्तृयज्ञ-नाम), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — nominative singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/परोक्सभूत), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन — ‘said’
यतःbecause/since
यतः:
Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतस् (अव्यय)
Formहेतुवाचक अव्यय (causal adverb)
सपिण्डताsapiṇḍatā (kinship/unity by piṇḍa offering)
सपिण्डता:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस (उपसर्ग/सह) + पिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक) + ता (तद्धित)
Formतत्पुरुष (सपिण्डः) + ता-प्रत्यय (भाववाचक), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — nominative singular
प्रोक्ताis declared/taught
प्रोक्ता:
Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + वच् (धातु) + प्रोक्त (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — passive participle used predicatively; ‘has been declared’
पितृपिण्डैःby/with the ancestral piṇḍas
पितृपिण्डैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक) + पिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (पितॄणां पिण्डाः), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन — instrumental plural
समन्ततःon all sides/entirely
समन्ततः:
Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्ततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of extent)
यावत्as long as
यावत्:
Temporal limit (अवधि)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत् (अव्यय)
Formपरिमाण/अवधिवाचक अव्यय (correlative ‘as long as’)
सपिण्डताsapiṇḍatā
सपिण्डता:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस (उपसर्ग/सह) + पिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक) + ता (तद्धित)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — nominative singular
not
:
Negation (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय
एवindeed/at all
एव:
Emphasis (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)
तावत्so long
तावत्:
Temporal correlate (अवधि)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतावत् (अव्यय)
Formपरिमाण/अवधिवाचक अव्यय (correlative ‘so long/that long’)
प्रेतःthe departed spirit (preta)
प्रेतः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — nominative singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — nominative singular
तिष्ठतिremains
तिष्ठति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formलट् (Present/वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन — ‘stands/remains’

Bhartṛyajña

Scene: A sage explains to a king/region-personified listener the liminal state of a preta and the moment of joining with ancestral piṇḍas; subtle imagery of three generations of pitṛs receiving offerings while a solitary preta waits outside the ancestral circle.

B
Bhartṛyajña
S
Sapiṇḍatā
P
Pitṛ-piṇḍa
P
Preta

FAQs

Sapiṇḍīkaraṇa is portrayed as spiritually transformative: it completes the deceased’s transition from preta-status into the ancestral community.

The discourse occurs within the Hāṭakeśvara-kṣetra-māhātmya narrative frame, though the verse itself is doctrinal about rites.

It underscores the necessity of sapiṇḍatā/sapiṇḍīkaraṇa for ending the preta condition.

Read Skanda Purana in the Vedapath app

Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with audio, word-by-word meanings, and more.

Continue reading in the Vedapath app

Open in App