Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 47

Devanagari script

कपिला ह्रद इत्याख्यां चक्रे तस्य महेश्वरः । ततो देवाज्ञया सर्वे स्नातास्तत्र दिवौकसः

Transliteration

kapilā hrada ityākhyāṃ cakre tasya maheśvaraḥ | tato devājñayā sarve snātāstatra divaukasaḥ

Translation

Maheśvara donna à ce lac le nom de «Kapilā-hrada». Puis, sur l’ordre du Seigneur, tous les êtres célestes s’y baignèrent.

Word by Word

• कपिला: Kapilā (name)
• कपिला: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपिला (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (singular)

• ह्रदः: lake
• ह्रदः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ह्रद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (singular)

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (Quotation marker/उद्धरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, इत्यादि-निर्देशक (quotative particle)

• आख्याम्: name/appellation
• आख्याम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आख्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (singular)

• चक्रे: made, assigned
• चक्रे: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)

• तस्य: of it/of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक (m/n), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (singular)

• महेश्वरः: Mahēśvara (Great Lord)
• महेश्वरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (singular)

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, काल/क्रमवाचक (temporal/sequential adverb)

• देवाज्ञया: by the divine command
• देवाज्ञया: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव + आज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (singular)

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (plural)

• स्नाताः: bathed
• स्नाताः: Kriya (State/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्नात (√स्ना + क्त, कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle) used predicatively; पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (plural)

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, देशवाचक (locative adverb)

• दिवौकसः: heaven-dwellers (gods)
• दिवौकसः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव् + ओकस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (plural)

Speaker

Skanda (deduced: Kāśīkhaṇḍa narrative, typically Skanda to Agastya)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kapilā-hrada

Type: kund

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Śiva (Mahēśvara) gestures in blessing as the lake is named ‘Kapilā-hrada’; devas descend and bathe, their crowns and ornaments glinting above the milky waters.

Characters & Entities

• Kapilā-hrada
• Maheśvara (Śiva)
• Divaukasaḥ (gods)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

When Śiva consecrates and names a site, it becomes a recognized channel of merit; obedience to divine ordinance supports dharma.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Kapilā-hrada (Kapilā Lake), a tīrtha in the Kāśī Khaṇḍa narrative.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Snāna (ritual bathing) is performed there by the gods, indicating it as a bathing tīrtha.