स्थावराः कृमयोऽब्जाश्च पक्षिणः पशवो नराः । क्रमेण धार्मिकास्त्वेते ह्येतेभ्यो धार्मिकाः सुराः
sthāvarāḥ kṛmayo'bjāśca pakṣiṇaḥ paśavo narāḥ | krameṇa dhārmikāstvete hyetebhyo dhārmikāḥ surāḥ
Les êtres immobiles, les vers, ceux nés dans l’eau, les oiseaux, les bêtes et les hommes : dans cet ordre ils s’élèvent en aptitude au dharma ; et au-dessus d’eux, en puissance dharmique, se tiennent les dieux.
Skanda
Tirtha: Avimukta-kṣetra (Kāśī)
Type: kshetra
Listener: Kumbhaja (Agastya)
Scene: A didactic tableau: a sage in Kāśī enumerates beings—trees and mountains, worms, fish, birds, animals, humans—ascending toward luminous devas above, suggesting a moral-cosmic ladder.
It frames dharma as increasingly accessible with higher forms of life, underscoring the responsibility that comes with human birth.
Kāśī indirectly, as the doctrinal setting where dharma is taught as preparation for liberation in the sacred city.
None explicitly; it is a doctrinal classification supporting the call to live dharmically.