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Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 98

Devanagari script

विश्वेश्वरो यत्र न तत्र चित्रं धर्मार्थकामामृतरूपरूपः । स्वरूपरूपः स हि विश्वरूपस्तस्मान्न काशी सदृशी त्रिलोकी

Transliteration

viśveśvaro yatra na tatra citraṃ dharmārthakāmāmṛtarūparūpaḥ | svarūparūpaḥ sa hi viśvarūpastasmānna kāśī sadṛśī trilokī

Translation

Là où Viśveśvara est présent, il n’est pas étonnant que le Dharma, l’Artha, le Kāma—et le don, semblable au nectar, de la délivrance—s’y trouvent dans leur propre forme. Car Il est la forme même du Réel, Celui dont la forme est l’univers ; ainsi, dans les trois mondes, nulle cité n’égale Kāśī.

Word by Word
विश्वेश्वरःViśveśvara (Lord of the universe)
विश्वेश्वरः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootविश्व + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (विश्वस्य ईश्वरः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikaraṇa (Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र (अव्यय)
Formसम्बन्धबोधक अव्यय (relative adverb: where)
नnot
न:
Negation
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikaraṇa (Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक अव्यय (correlative adverb: there)
चित्रम्wonderful/strange
चित्रम्:
Samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootचित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular)
धर्मdharma
धर्म:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासाङ्ग (compound member)
अर्थartha
अर्थ:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासाङ्ग (compound member)
कामkāma
काम:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootकाम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासाङ्ग (compound member)
अमृतnectar/immortality
अमृत:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootअमृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासाङ्ग (compound member)
रूपform
रूप:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासाङ्ग (compound member)
रूपःone whose form is (that of) dharma, artha, kāma, and amṛta
रूपः:
Samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate noun)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय/बहुपदसमास (धर्मार्थकामामृत-रूपः रूपः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)
स्वरूपown form
स्वरूप:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootस्व + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (स्वस्य रूपम्), समासाङ्ग
रूपःhaving (his) own true form
रूपः:
Samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate noun)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय (स्वरूपः रूपः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
सःhe
सः:
Anuvṛtti/Pronominal reference
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)
हिindeed
हि:
Emphasis
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle)
विश्वuniversal
विश्व:
Viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासाङ्ग (compound member)
रूपःof universal form
रूपः:
Samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate noun)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (विश्वस्य रूपः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Hetu/Apādāna (Cause/Source)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी, एकवचन (Ablative singular)
नnot
न:
Negation
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
काशीKāśī
काशी:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकाशी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Feminine, Nominative, Singular)
सदृशीsimilar/equal
सदृशी:
Samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootसदृश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Feminine, Nominative, Singular)
त्रिलोकीthe three worlds
त्रिलोकी:
Sambandha/Comparison standard
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि + लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्विगुसमास (त्रयः लोकाः), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Feminine, Nominative, Singular)
Speaker

Skanda (deduced, Kāśīkhaṇḍa dialogue context)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Viśveśvara-kṣetra (Kāśī)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Naimiṣāraṇya sages

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Viśveśvara as cosmic form subtly emerging from the Kāśī liṅga: within Him appear Dharma, Artha, Kāma, and Mokṣa as luminous personifications; the cityscape of Kāśī glows as a tri-loka jewel.

Characters & Entities
V
Viśveśvara
K
Kāśī (Vārāṇasī)
D
Dharma
A
Artha
K
Kāma
M
Mokṣa (amṛta)

FAQs

The presence of Viśveśvara (Śiva) is the theological reason Kāśī grants both worldly goods and the immortal fruit of liberation.

Kāśī, specifically the domain of Viśveśvara (the Viśveśvara/Viśvanātha shrine tradition).

No explicit ritual is stated; the verse is a doctrinal praise of Viśveśvara’s presence as the source of Kāśī’s fruits.

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