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Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 49

ब्रह्मचारी गृहस्थो वा वानप्रस्थोऽथ भिक्षुकः । एषामाधारभूतोसौ गृहस्थो नान्यथेति च

brahmacārī gṛhastho vā vānaprastho'tha bhikṣukaḥ | eṣāmādhārabhūtosau gṛhastho nānyatheti ca

Qu’on soit brahmacārin (étudiant chaste), maître de maison, ermite des bois ou mendiant: parmi eux tous, le maître de maison est le support même; il ne peut en être autrement.

ब्रह्मचारीa brahmacārin (celibate student)
ब्रह्मचारी:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मचारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; आश्रमविशेषवाचक
गृहस्थःa householder
गृहस्थः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगृहस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; आश्रमविशेषवाचक
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive particle: “or”)
वानप्रस्थःa forest-dweller (vānaprastha)
वानप्रस्थः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवानप्रस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; आश्रमविशेषवाचक
अथthen; and
अथ:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअनन्तरार्थक/प्रसङ्गार्थक-अव्यय (then/and further)
भिक्षुकःa mendicant; beggar-monk
भिक्षुकः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभिक्षुक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; परिभ्राजक/भिक्षाचरवाचक
एषाम्of these (persons/āśramas)
एषाम्:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
आधारभूतःbeing the support/foundation
आधारभूतः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootआधार-भूत (प्रातिपदिक; भूत = √भू (धातु) क्त-प्रत्यय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle) ‘भूत’; समासः—आधारः इव/आधाररूपेण भूतः
असौthat one; he
असौ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअसद्/अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (demonstrative: “that/he”)
गृहस्थःthe householder
गृहस्थः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगृहस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
not
:
Sambandha (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation)
अन्यथाotherwise
अन्यथा:
Sambandha (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा (अव्यय)
Formरीत्यर्थक-अव्यय (adverb: otherwise)
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/समाप्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
and
:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction: and)

Skanda (deduced for Kāśīkhaṇḍa discourse)

Tirtha: Kāśī

Type: kshetra

Scene: A Kāśī householder stands at the threshold with water-pot and offerings, welcoming a brahmacārin and a bhikṣu; behind him a small domestic shrine with lamp and bilva leaves, suggesting the home as the hub of dharma.

G
Gṛhastha
B
Brahmacārī
V
Vānaprastha
B
Bhikṣuka

FAQs

The householder’s dharma sustains society and enables the other āśramas; therefore it is foundational.

The verse is within the Kāśīkhaṇḍa framework, aligning household duty with the broader sanctity of Kāśī, though no single tīrtha is named in this line.

No specific rite is prescribed here; it establishes the social-spiritual hierarchy of the four āśramas.