Rig Veda Sukta 2
Mandala 2Sukta 213 Mantras

Sukta 2

Sukta 2.2

Rishi

Gṛtsamada

Chandas

Jagatī (probable for RV 2.2.1; longer pādas typical of Jagatī)

Cet hymne invoque Agni en tant que Jātavedas, demandant qu’il soit accru par le sacrifice (yajña) et loué par l’offrande, le corps et la parole inspirée. Agni y est dépeint comme le Hotṛ resplendissant qui ouvre les « portes » de la force et de l’abondance, rend le Ciel-et-la-Terre favorables, et conduit à la fois les donateurs et les chanteurs vers le bien meilleur et vers le Vaste, le Grand (bṛhat).

Recitation with translationRig Veda 2.2

In this hymn

Addressed to

  • AgniJātavedas

    Agni is the kindled flame and the divine Hotṛ, bright, heaven-tending, seated among human settlements, who carries offerings and makes the gods present.

Mantras

Mantra 1

यज्ञेन वर्धत जातवेदसमग्निं यजध्वं हविषा तना गिरा । समिधानं सुप्रयसं स्वर्णरं द्युक्षं होतारं वृजनेषु धूर्षदम् ॥

Par le sacrifice faites croître Jātavedas; adorez Agni par l’offrande — de tout votre être et par la parole. Allumé, plein de juste délice, homme du monde lumineux, resplendissant — il est le Hotar, assis fermement dans les demeures.

Mantra 2

अभि त्वा नक्तीरुषसो ववाशिरेऽग्ने वत्सं न स्वसरेषु धेनवः । दिव इवेदरतिर्मानुषा युगा क्षपो भासि पुरुवार संयतः ॥

Vers toi crient les Nuits et les Aurores, ô Agni, comme les vaches laitières vers le veau dans leurs propres étables. Tel un messager venu du ciel, tu resplendis à travers les yuga des hommes; à travers les nuits tu flambes, ô largement donateur, contenu, rassemblé en ta force lumineuse.

Mantra 3

तं देवा बुध्ने रजसः सुदंससं दिवस्पृथिव्योररतिं न्येरिरे । रथमिव वेद्यं शुक्रशोचिषमग्निं मित्रं न क्षितिषु प्रशंस्यम् ॥

Lui, les dieux l’ont établi au fondement de l’espace médian, le bon artisan, le messager entre Ciel et Terre. Tel un char digne d’être mené à la Vedi (autel), flamboyant d’une clarté pure, ils ont établi Agni — tel Mitra — digne de louange parmi les peuples.

Mantra 4

तमुक्षमाणं रजसि स्व आ दमे चन्द्रमिव सुरुचं ह्वार आ दधुः । पृश्न्याः पतरं चितयन्तमक्षभिः पाथो न पायुं जनसी उभे अनु ॥

Lui, croissant en force dans sa propre région de l’air et dans sa demeure, ils l’ont établi dans l’enceinte, tel la Lune — d’un bel éclat. Par ses rayons il éveille les ailes de la Mère tachetée ; tel un gardien du chemin, il suit les deux naissances, Ciel et Terre, protégeant le passage du voyage.

Mantra 5

स होता विश्वं परि भूत्वध्वरं तमु हव्यैर्मनुष ऋञ्जते गिरा । हिरिशिप्रो वृधसानासु जर्भुरद्द्यौर्न स्तृभिश्चितयद्रोदसी अनु ॥

Il devient le Hotar, enveloppant tout le sacrifice ; et l’homme l’orne d’offrandes et de la parole-hymne. À la mâchoire d’or, il œuvre et peine dans les séances croissantes, éveillant par ses appuis les deux mondes, comme le Ciel, les suivant d’une vision lumineuse.

Mantra 6

स नो रेवत्समिधानः स्वस्तये संददस्वान्रयिमस्मासु दीदिहि । आ नः कृणुष्व सुविताय रोदसी अग्ने हव्या मनुषो देव वीतये ॥

Allumé, sois pour nous riche de biens pour notre salut ; rassemble et dépose en nous la plénitude spirituelle — fais-la briller dans notre être. Élargis pour nous le Ciel et la Terre pour un bon passage, ô Agni ; viens aux offrandes des hommes, ô dieu, pour les goûter et les accepter.

Mantra 7

दा नो अग्ने बृहतो दाः सहस्रिणो दुरो न वाजं श्रुत्या अपा वृधि । प्राची द्यावापृथिवी ब्रह्मणा कृधि स्वर्ण शुक्रमुषसो वि दिद्युतः ॥

Donne-nous, ô Agni, l’immense; donne le millefold. Comme on ouvre une porte, ouvre à notre écoute les portes vers la plénitude de la force; fais-la croître selon ce qui est entendu. Tourne vers nous le Ciel et la Terre par la puissance du brahman (la parole sacrée) ; tel l’or éclatant propre au soleil, que les Uṣas jaillissent en éclairs, déployant leur pure radiance.

Mantra 8

स इधान उषसो राम्या अनु स्वर्ण दीदेदरुषेण भानुना । होत्राभिरग्निर्मनुषः स्वध्वरो राजा विशामतिथिश्चारुरायवे ॥

Allumé, il resplendit à la suite des Uṣas charmantes, tel la lumière propre au soleil, par son rayon rougeoyant. Par les puissances des invocations du Hotṛ, Agni devient pour l’homme le sacrifice bien conduit; roi des peuples, il est l’hôte bienvenu, beau pour celui qui cherche la plénitude.

Mantra 9

एवा नो अग्ने अमृतेषु पूर्व्य धीष्पीपाय बृहद्दिवेषु मानुषा । दुहाना धेनुर्वृजनेषु कारवे त्मना शतिनं पुरुरूपमिषणि ॥

Ainsi, ô Agni, dans les étendues immortelles, ô Très-Ancien, nourris notre pensée dans les vastes cieux de l’humain. Telle une vache laitière, donnant dans les champs de notre labeur au faiseur, qu’elle, par sa propre puissance, trait cent fois la nourriture, aux formes multiples — l’élan de l’accroissement.

Mantra 10

वयमग्ने अर्वता वा सुवीर्यं ब्रह्मणा वा चितयेमा जनाँ अति । अस्माकं द्युम्नमधि पञ्च कृष्टिषूच्चा स्वर्ण शुशुचीत दुष्टरम् ॥

Nous, ô Agni, par le coursier de la force ou par la puissance du brahman‑mantra, voulons dépasser la condition des hommes. Que notre gloire lumineuse se tienne au‑dessus des cinq tribus ; flamboie haut comme la lumière‑vérité du soleil, inattaquable, infranchissable.

Mantra 11

स नो बोधि सहस्य प्रशंस्यो यस्मिन्त्सुजाता इषयन्त सूरयः । यमग्ने यज्ञमुपयन्ति वाजिनो नित्ये तोके दीदिवांसं स्वे दमे ॥

Éveille‑toi pour nous, ô puissant, digne de louange — toi en qui les rishis bien nés mettent en branle leur élan. Toi, ô Agni, les détenteurs de force s’approchent de toi comme du sacrifice ; tu resplendis sans cesse dans la demeure, dans la lignée ininterrompue et dans ton séjour intérieur.

Mantra 12

उभयासो जातवेदः स्याम ते स्तोतारो अग्ने सूरयश्च शर्मणि । वस्वो रायः पुरुश्चन्द्रस्य भूयसः प्रजावतः स्वपत्यस्य शग्धि नः ॥

Ô Jātavedas, puissions‑nous devenir tes compagnons en deux modes — tes chantres, ô Agni, et tes rishis illuminés — établis dans ta paix. Accorde‑nous, ô seigneur des Vasus, une part plus grande de la plénitude aux multiples éclats de l’être : une richesse féconde en accroissement, riche de descendance et de noble lignée.

Mantra 13

ये स्तोतृभ्यो गोअग्रामश्वपेशसमग्ने रातिमुपसृजन्ति सूरयः । अस्माञ्च ताँश्च प्र हि नेषि वस्य आ बृहद्वदेम विदथे सुवीराः ॥

Ces donateurs illuminés qui relâchent aux chantres le don — portant en tête les rayons de la Lumière et revêtus de la force du coursier —, ô Agni, conduis en avant et eux et nous vers le bien meilleur. Puissions‑nous dire le Vaste dans les assemblées du vidatha sacrificiel, pourvus de puissances héroïques.

Inside Sukta 2

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    A direct injunction to increase Jātavedas by sacrifice and to worship Agni with offering, one’s whole being, and inspired word.

  2. Development

    Agni is unfolded as the shining Hotṛ seated among human spaces, the one who grants ‘right delight,’ opens access to vāja, and aligns cosmic powers (Heaven–Earth, Dawn’s radiance) with the sacrificer.

  3. Climax

    The prayer to ‘open the doors’ of plenitude and to make Heaven and Earth turn toward the worshipper through brahman (mantric power), culminating in a vision of Dawn-like radiance breaking forth.

  4. Where it settles

    The hymn closes by asking Agni to lead both generous patrons and the singers into the better good, so the community may speak the Vast in the ritual assembly, endowed with heroic powers.

The deity: Agni

  • In the VedaAs Jātavedas, he is the knower of births and the one who knows all beings and their right paths.
  • Cosmic functionMediator between earth and heaven: he conveys oblations to the devas, kindles the sacrifice, opens passages to vitality (vāja), and harmonizes the powers of Heaven and Earth for human flourishing.
  • Inner significanceThe awakened will and discernment (inner fire) that transforms raw impulse into offering, turns speech into mantra, and leads the seeker from limitation to the ‘Vast’ (bṛhat) through clarity and aspiration.

The seer

  • GṛtsamadaBhārgava (of the Bhr̥gu line) · A principal seer of Maṇḍala 2, renowned for powerful Agni hymns that frame Agni as Hotṛ and as the awakener of divine order and abundance.

Famous verses

yajñena vardhata jātavedasam
Verse 2.2.1Programmatic opening: defines the hymn’s method—yajña, offering, embodied aspiration, and mantra—while naming Agni as the shining Hotṛ active in human life.Read verse 2.2.1 →
duro na vājaṃ
Verse 2.2.7Central petition: Agni as opener of the ‘doors’ to vāja (strength/plenty) and as the power that turns Heaven and Earth favorably; links brahman with cosmic responsiveness and Dawn-radiance.Read verse 2.2.7 →
ā bṛhad vadema
Verse 2.2.13Concluding benediction: Agni leads both patrons and priests toward ‘vasyas’ (the better good) and toward bṛhat (the Vast), sealing the hymn’s communal and spiritual aim.Read verse 2.2.13 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Hotṛ (chief priest of the sacrifice)
  • Jātavedas (all-knowing, knower of births)
  • Dūta/mediator who carries offerings
  • Illuminant and purifier
  • Opener of doors to strength and plenty
  • Leader (netṛ) toward the better good (vasyas)

Also by this seer

  • Primary attribution of most of Rig Veda Maṇḍala 2 (many sūktas to Agni and allied deities)
  • Several hymns that emphasize yajña as the means to widen prosperity and to establish right relations between gods and humans

The rite, step by step

  • Prepare the altar and fuel (samidh), establishing cleanliness and silence.
  • Kindle Agni and ‘increase’ him with yajña—steady feeding of the fire and sustained recitation.
  • Offer ghee and other oblations with mantras, uniting haviṣ (offering), tanū (one’s being), and girā (speech).
  • Invoke Agni as Hotṛ to carry offerings and open the ‘doors’ of vāja (strength/plenty).
  • Conclude with petitions for wide abundance, favorable turning of Dyāvā-Pṛthivī, and guidance for patrons and singers alike.

Offerings

  • Ghee (ājya)
  • Samidh (fuel sticks)
  • Grain/food oblations (anna, puroḍāśa in broader rite)
  • Soma-related offerings where applicable

Frequently Asked Questions

The hymn praises Agni, especially as Jātavedas—Agni who “knows all births” and acts as the priest (Hotṛ) carrying offerings to the gods.

It means kindling and sustaining the sacred fire through offerings and mantra, so Agni becomes strong and luminous—able to bring divine help, prosperity, and clarity to the worshippers.

The hymn asks Agni to open the doors to strength and abundance, make the cosmic powers favorable, and lead both donors and singers toward the “better good” and the spiritual Vast (bṛhat).

Ask anything about Sukta 2 of the Rig Veda

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