Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 129

Graha–Ketu–Utpāta Lakṣaṇas: Solar/Lunar Omens, Comets, Eclipses, and Calendar Rules

Devanagari script

चांद्रो दर्शावधिः सौरः संक्रात्या सावनो दिनैः । त्रिंशद्भिश्चंद्र भगणो मासो नाक्षत्रसंज्ञकः ॥ १२९ ॥

Transliteration

cāṃdro darśāvadhiḥ sauraḥ saṃkrātyā sāvano dinaiḥ | triṃśadbhiścaṃdra bhagaṇo māso nākṣatrasaṃjñakaḥ || 129 ||

Translation

Le mois lunaire (cāndra) se compte jusqu’à la limite de la nouvelle lune (amāvāsyā) ; le mois solaire (saura) est déterminé par la saṅkrānti, l’entrée du Soleil dans un nouveau signe. Le mois civil (sāvana) se calcule en jours ; et le mois fondé sur le cycle de la Lune—composé de trente tithi—est appelé mois nakṣatra.

Word by Word

• चान्द्रः: lunar
• चान्द्रः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चान्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (of मासः understood)

• दर्श-अवधिः: having new-moon as its limit (ending at amāvāsyā)
• दर्श-अवधिः: Predicate (विधेय/विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दर्श (प्रातिपदिक) + अवधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (दर्शः एव अवधि: new-moon as the limit); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सौरः: solar
• सौरः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सौर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (of मासः understood)

• संक्रात्या: by (the) saṅkrānti (solar ingress)
• संक्रात्या: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संक्रान्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; करणार्थे (by/through saṅkrānti)

• सावनः: civil/solar-day-based (sāvana)
• सावनः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सावन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (of मासः understood)

• दिनैः: by days
• दिनैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; करणार्थे (by days)

• त्रिंशद्भिः: by thirty
• त्रिंशद्भिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रिंशत् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया, बहुवचन; संख्याविशेषण (numeral)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय

• चन्द्र: O Candra / Moon
• चन्द्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; संबोधन/प्रथमा-रूपेण (address or nominative used as vocative in some recensions)

• भगणः: (a) cycle/period (bhagaṇa)
• भगणः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भगण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मासः: month
• मासः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• नाक्षत्र-संज्ञकः: called 'nakṣatra' (sidereal)
• नाक्षत्र-संज्ञकः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाक्षत्र (प्रातिपदिक) + संज्ञक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (नाक्षत्रः संज्ञकः = called 'nakṣatra'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (of मासः)

Speaker

Narada (in dialogue with the Sanatkumara tradition; technical exposition on Vedic time-reckoning)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Chandra
• Surya

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It clarifies sacred time-reckoning so that vratas, śrāddha, and other dharmic rites are performed on the correct lunar or solar basis—treating accurate kāla (time) as a support for right practice.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti practices in the Purāṇic tradition often depend on observing days like amāvāsyā, saṅkrānti, and tithi-based observances; this verse supplies the calendar framework that makes devotional vows and worship timings reliable.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Jyotiṣa Vedāṅga: distinguishing cāndra (lunar), saura (solar), sāvana (day-count), and tithi/nakṣatra-based month conventions used for ritual scheduling.