Previous Verse
Next Verse

Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 43

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

एतद्वे भिद्गवाक्गवाङ् गोअक् गोङ्गोक् गोङ् । तिर्यग्यकृच्छकृच्चैव ददद्भवत्पचत्तुदत् ॥ ४३ ॥

etadve bhidgavākgavāṅ goak goṅgok goṅ | tiryagyakṛcchakṛccaiva dadadbhavatpacattudat || 43 ||

En vérité, voici la division phonétique : « gavāk, gavāṅ ; go’ak ; goṅgok ; goṅ ». De même, dans les formes obliques/irrégulières et selon le modèle kṛccha, on donne : « dadad, bhavat, pacat, tudat ».

etatthis (thing)
etat:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन); sarvanāma-prātipadika (सर्वनाम)
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha/Emphasis (सम्बन्ध/बल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormNipāta/particle (निपात)
bhitsplit/broke
bhit:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhid (धातु)
FormLuṅ (लुङ्, aorist), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana (एकवचन); parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
gavākgavāk (a lexical item)
gavāk:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgavāk (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
gavāṅgavāṅ (a lexical item)
gavāṅ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgavāṅ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
go-akgo-ak (a lexical compound)
go-ak:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgo + ak (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSamāsa: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष); Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
goṅ-gokgoṅ and gok (lexical pair)
goṅ-gok:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgoṅ + gok (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSamāsa: Dvandva (द्वन्द्व); Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
goṅgoṅ (a lexical item)
goṅ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgoṅ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
tiryakobliquely/sideways
tiryak:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottiryak (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya/adverb (अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण)
yakṛccha-kṛtone who does (something) by chance
yakṛccha-kṛt:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyakṛccha + kṛt (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSamāsa: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष); Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
kṛtdoer/maker
kṛt:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛ (धातु) + kta/kvip? (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormKṛdanta (कृदन्त) agent-noun; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
evaonly/indeed
eva:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormNipāta/particle (निपात)
dadatgiving
dadat:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootdā (धा/दा धातु)
FormŚatṛ-pratyaya present active participle (शतृ, वर्तमानकाले), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
bhavatO sir/you (hon.)
bhavat:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootbhavat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Sambodhana/Prathamā-like usage, Ekavacana; honorific pronoun-noun
pacatcooking
pacat:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootpac (धातु)
FormŚatṛ-pratyaya present active participle (शतृ), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
tudatstriking/piercing
tudat:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Roottud (धातु)
FormŚatṛ-pratyaya present active participle (शतृ), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

Narada (teaching/reciting a technical enumeration within the Moksha Dharma discourse)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

FAQs

It underscores that disciplined speech—correct phonetics and grammatical formation—supports dharma and mantra efficacy, which in turn steadies the mind for mokṣa-oriented practice.

Bhakti practice relies on accurate nāma-japa and mantra recitation; the verse’s technical examples point to maintaining purity of sound so devotional utterance remains faithful and potent.

Vedāṅga Śikṣā and Vyākaraṇa: it illustrates phonetic segmentation and standard participial/verb-form exemplars (e.g., dadad, bhavat, pacat, tudat) used in grammatical instruction.